TY - JOUR
T1 - Recreational drug use and T lymphocyte subpopulations in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected men
AU - Chao, Chun
AU - Jacobson, Lisa P.
AU - Tashkin, Donald
AU - Martínez-Maza, Otoniel
AU - Roth, Michael D.
AU - Margolick, Joseph B.
AU - Chmiel, Joan S.
AU - Rinaldo, Charles
AU - Zhang, Zuo Feng
AU - Detels, Roger
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)/NIH grant: RO1 DA8254 and R37 DA03018. O.M.-M. received support from the National Cancer Institute (NCI)/NIH SPORE in Lymphoma grant P50-CA096888.
PY - 2008/4/1
Y1 - 2008/4/1
N2 - The effects of recreational drugs on CD4 and CD8 T cells in humans are not well understood. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of men who have sex with men (MSM) enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) to define associations between self-reported use of marijuana, cocaine, poppers and amphetamines, and CD4 and CD8 T cell parameters in both HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected MSM. For the HIV-infected MSM, we used clinical and laboratory data collected semiannually before 1996 to avoid potential effects of antiretroviral treatment. A regression model that allowed random intercepts and slopes as well as autoregressive covariance structure for within subject errors was used. Potential confounders adjusted for included length of follow-up, demographics, tobacco smoking, alcohol use, risky sexual behaviors, history of sexually transmitted infections, and antiviral therapy. We found no clinically meaningful associations between use of marijuana, cocaine, poppers, or amphetamines and CD4 and CD8 T cell counts, percentages, or rates of change in either HIV-uninfected or -infected men. The regression coefficients were of minimum magnitude despite some reaching statistical significance. No threshold effect was detected for frequent (at least weekly) or continuous substance use in the previous year. These results indicate that use of these substances does not adversely affect the numbers and percentages of circulating CD4 or CD8 T cells in either HIV-uninfected or -infected MSM.
AB - The effects of recreational drugs on CD4 and CD8 T cells in humans are not well understood. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of men who have sex with men (MSM) enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) to define associations between self-reported use of marijuana, cocaine, poppers and amphetamines, and CD4 and CD8 T cell parameters in both HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected MSM. For the HIV-infected MSM, we used clinical and laboratory data collected semiannually before 1996 to avoid potential effects of antiretroviral treatment. A regression model that allowed random intercepts and slopes as well as autoregressive covariance structure for within subject errors was used. Potential confounders adjusted for included length of follow-up, demographics, tobacco smoking, alcohol use, risky sexual behaviors, history of sexually transmitted infections, and antiviral therapy. We found no clinically meaningful associations between use of marijuana, cocaine, poppers, or amphetamines and CD4 and CD8 T cell counts, percentages, or rates of change in either HIV-uninfected or -infected men. The regression coefficients were of minimum magnitude despite some reaching statistical significance. No threshold effect was detected for frequent (at least weekly) or continuous substance use in the previous year. These results indicate that use of these substances does not adversely affect the numbers and percentages of circulating CD4 or CD8 T cells in either HIV-uninfected or -infected MSM.
KW - Cocaine
KW - HIV infection
KW - Marijuana
KW - Poppers
KW - Recreational drug use
KW - T cells
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U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.010
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 18180115
AN - SCOPUS:39149100597
SN - 0376-8716
VL - 94
SP - 165
EP - 171
JO - Drug and alcohol dependence
JF - Drug and alcohol dependence
IS - 1-3
ER -