TY - JOUR
T1 - Recent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 acquisition in India
AU - Reynolds, Steven J.
AU - Risbud, Arun R.
AU - Shepherd, Mary E.
AU - Zenilman, Jonathan M.
AU - Brookmeyer, Ronald S.
AU - Paranjape, Ramesh S.
AU - Divekar, Anand D.
AU - Gangakhedkar, Raman R.
AU - Ghate, Manisha V.
AU - Bollinger, Robert C.
AU - Mehendale, Sanjay M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support: Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH; grants AI 41369 and AI 01633); Family Health International (FHI), NIAID, NIH (contract AI 35173); Fogarty International Center, NIH (fellowship 5 D43 Tw00010-AITRP); R. Samuel McLaughlin Foundation (grant to S.J.R.).
PY - 2003/5/15
Y1 - 2003/5/15
N2 - To estimate the impact of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection on the acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), stored serum samples from a cohort of 2732 HIV-1-seronegative patients attending 3 sexually transmitted infection clinics and 1 reproductive tract infection clinic in Pune, India, were screened for HSV-2-specific antibodies. Incident HSV-2 infection was defined serologically as "recent" if a negative result of testing for HSV-2 could be documented within the previous 6 months or "remote" if >6 months had elapsed since the last negative test result. The prevalence of HSV-2 at enrollment was 43%. The HSV-2 incidence was 11.4 cases/100 person-years, and the HIV-1 incidence was 5.8 cases/100 person-years. The adjusted hazard ratios of HIV-1 acquisition from exposure to HSV-2 infection were 1.67 for prevalent HSV-2, 1.92 for remote incident HSV-2, and 3.81 for recent incident HSV-2. Recent incident HSV-2 infection was associated with the highest risk of HIV-1 in this study, which suggests that prevention of HSV-2 infection may reduce the risk of HIV-1 acquisition.
AB - To estimate the impact of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection on the acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), stored serum samples from a cohort of 2732 HIV-1-seronegative patients attending 3 sexually transmitted infection clinics and 1 reproductive tract infection clinic in Pune, India, were screened for HSV-2-specific antibodies. Incident HSV-2 infection was defined serologically as "recent" if a negative result of testing for HSV-2 could be documented within the previous 6 months or "remote" if >6 months had elapsed since the last negative test result. The prevalence of HSV-2 at enrollment was 43%. The HSV-2 incidence was 11.4 cases/100 person-years, and the HIV-1 incidence was 5.8 cases/100 person-years. The adjusted hazard ratios of HIV-1 acquisition from exposure to HSV-2 infection were 1.67 for prevalent HSV-2, 1.92 for remote incident HSV-2, and 3.81 for recent incident HSV-2. Recent incident HSV-2 infection was associated with the highest risk of HIV-1 in this study, which suggests that prevention of HSV-2 infection may reduce the risk of HIV-1 acquisition.
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U2 - 10.1086/368357
DO - 10.1086/368357
M3 - Article
C2 - 12721931
AN - SCOPUS:0038583555
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 187
SP - 1513
EP - 1521
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 10
ER -