TY - JOUR
T1 - Real-time measurement of small molecules directly in awake, ambulatory animals
AU - Arroyo-Currás, Netzahualcóyotl
AU - Somerson, Jacob
AU - Vieira, Philip A.
AU - Ploense, Kyle L.
AU - Kippin, Tod E.
AU - Plaxco, Kevin W.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Yanxian Lin for the code used in real-time data tracking and Dr. Martin Kurnik for providing the molecular graphics used in Fig. 1A. These studies were supported by a grant from the W. M. Keck Foundation and by the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies through US Army Research Office Grant W911NF-09-0001. J.S. is supported by National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute Grant NRSA F31CA183385. N.A.-C. is supported by the Otis Williams Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Santa Barbara Foundation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/1/24
Y1 - 2017/1/24
N2 - The development of a technology capable of tracking the levels of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in the body continuously and in real time would advance our understanding of health and our ability to detect and treat disease. It would, for example, enable therapies guided by high-resolution, patient-specific pharmacokinetics (including feedback-controlled drug delivery), opening new dimensions in personalized medicine. In response, we demonstrate here the ability of electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors to support continuous, real-time, multihour measurements when emplaced directly in the circulatory systems of living animals. Specifically, we have used E-AB sensors to perform the multihour, real-time measurement of four drugs in the bloodstream of even awake, ambulatory rats, achieving precise molecular measurements at clinically relevant detection limits and high (3 s) temporal resolution, attributes suggesting that the approach could provide an important window into the study of physiology and pharmacokinetics.
AB - The development of a technology capable of tracking the levels of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in the body continuously and in real time would advance our understanding of health and our ability to detect and treat disease. It would, for example, enable therapies guided by high-resolution, patient-specific pharmacokinetics (including feedback-controlled drug delivery), opening new dimensions in personalized medicine. In response, we demonstrate here the ability of electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors to support continuous, real-time, multihour measurements when emplaced directly in the circulatory systems of living animals. Specifically, we have used E-AB sensors to perform the multihour, real-time measurement of four drugs in the bloodstream of even awake, ambulatory rats, achieving precise molecular measurements at clinically relevant detection limits and high (3 s) temporal resolution, attributes suggesting that the approach could provide an important window into the study of physiology and pharmacokinetics.
KW - Aptamer
KW - E-DNA
KW - In vivo
KW - Precision medicine
KW - Square-wave voltammetry
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1613458114
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1613458114
M3 - Article
C2 - 28069939
AN - SCOPUS:85010764274
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 114
SP - 645
EP - 650
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 4
ER -