TY - JOUR
T1 - Race, ethnicity, and nativity differentials in pregnancy-related mortality in the united states
T2 - 1993-2006
AU - Creanga, Andreea A.
AU - Berg, Cynthia J.
AU - Syverson, Carla
AU - Seed, Kristi
AU - Bruce, F. Carol
AU - Callaghan, William M.
PY - 2012/8
Y1 - 2012/8
N2 - To compare trends in and causes of pregnancy-related mortality by race, ethnicity, and nativity from 1993 to 2006. We used data from the Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System. For each race, ethnicity, and nativity group, we calculated pregnancy-related mortality ratios and assessed causes of pregnancy-related death and the time between the end of pregnancy and death. Race, ethnicity, and nativity-related minority women contributed 40.7% of all U.S. live births but 61.8% of the 7,487 pregnancy-related deaths during 1993-2006. Pregnancy-related mortality ratios were 9.1 and 7.5 deaths per 100,000 live births among U.S.- and foreign-born white women, respectively, and slightly higher at 9.6 and 11.6 deaths per 100,000 live births for U.S.- and foreign-born Hispanic women, respectively. Relative to U.S.-born white women, age-standardized pregnancy-related mortality ratios were 5.2 and 3.6 times higher among U.S.- and foreign-born black women, respectively. However, causes and timing of death within 42 days postpartum were similar for U.S.-born white and black women with cardiovascular disease, cardiomyopathy, and other pre-existing medical conditions emerging as chief contributors to mortality. Hypertensive disorders, hemorrhage, and embolism were the most important causes of pregnancy-related death for all other groups of women. Except for foreign-born white women, all other race, ethnicity, and nativity groups were at higher risk of dying from pregnancy-related causes than U.S.-born white women after adjusting for age differences. Integration of quality-of-care aspects into hospital- and state-based maternal death reviews may help identify race, ethnicity, and nativity-specific factors for pregnancy-related mortality. III.
AB - To compare trends in and causes of pregnancy-related mortality by race, ethnicity, and nativity from 1993 to 2006. We used data from the Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System. For each race, ethnicity, and nativity group, we calculated pregnancy-related mortality ratios and assessed causes of pregnancy-related death and the time between the end of pregnancy and death. Race, ethnicity, and nativity-related minority women contributed 40.7% of all U.S. live births but 61.8% of the 7,487 pregnancy-related deaths during 1993-2006. Pregnancy-related mortality ratios were 9.1 and 7.5 deaths per 100,000 live births among U.S.- and foreign-born white women, respectively, and slightly higher at 9.6 and 11.6 deaths per 100,000 live births for U.S.- and foreign-born Hispanic women, respectively. Relative to U.S.-born white women, age-standardized pregnancy-related mortality ratios were 5.2 and 3.6 times higher among U.S.- and foreign-born black women, respectively. However, causes and timing of death within 42 days postpartum were similar for U.S.-born white and black women with cardiovascular disease, cardiomyopathy, and other pre-existing medical conditions emerging as chief contributors to mortality. Hypertensive disorders, hemorrhage, and embolism were the most important causes of pregnancy-related death for all other groups of women. Except for foreign-born white women, all other race, ethnicity, and nativity groups were at higher risk of dying from pregnancy-related causes than U.S.-born white women after adjusting for age differences. Integration of quality-of-care aspects into hospital- and state-based maternal death reviews may help identify race, ethnicity, and nativity-specific factors for pregnancy-related mortality. III.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84864200864&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84864200864&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825cb87a
DO - 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825cb87a
M3 - Article
C2 - 22825083
AN - SCOPUS:84864200864
SN - 0029-7844
VL - 120
SP - 261
EP - 268
JO - Obstetrics and gynecology
JF - Obstetrics and gynecology
IS - 2
ER -