Quantitative Assessment of Facial Asymmetry Using Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging in Adults: Validating the Precision and Repeatability of a Global Approach

Davida Kornreich, Adele A. Mitchell, Bryn D. Webb, Ingrid Cristian, Ethylin Wang Jabs

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Comparison of global versus landmark analyses of facial asymmetry using threedimensional photogrammetry to establish a precise method for evaluating facial asymmetry. Design: The landmark-based approach utilized anthropometric data points. Our global approach involved registration of mirror images, independent of a midplane, to calculate a root mean square (RMS) value. We analyzed precision and technical and operator error of both methods. Participants: Three hundred fifty adults participated in this study. Results: We found that the global method has better precision and repeatability with a significantly lower error rate than the landmark-based method. In adults, the average RMS was 0.6253 mm with a standard deviation of 0.16. Conclusions: Our facial asymmetry measurement is more accurate than landmark-based measurements. This method is quick, reliable, and results in generation of a RMS score and a corresponding color-coded facial map that highlights regions of higher and lower asymmetry. This method may be used as a screening tool for asymmetry in both the clinical and research settings.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)126-131
Number of pages6
JournalCleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal
Volume53
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • 3dMD
  • Facial asymmetry
  • Facial landmarks
  • Hemi facial microsomia
  • Oculoauriculovertebral spectrum
  • Root mean square
  • Three-dimensional photogrammetry

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Oral Surgery

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