Pulmonary and Anti-Allergy Drugs

The interaction of cell bound immunoglobulins (Ig) with antigen and haptens leads to the release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from these stimulated cells. IgE appears to interact with a specific plasma membrane receptor on the target cell. Characterization of the cellular receptor for IgE is determined using rat peritoneal mast cells and rat basophilic leukemia cells and indicates that it has a molecular weight of 60,000. In carbuterol, a series of compounds of general structure substitute in the benzyl group are claimed to be 10 x 5 in potency as bronchodilators with higher bronchoselectivity. A series of mono and diesters of N-t-butylarterenol shows that the monoesters have a moderate degree of activity with rapid onset and two hours duration of action. Structure–activity relationships for a series of sympathomimetic arnines, having a carbostyril moiety, are discussed in this chapter. Detailed pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and metabolite patterns of clenbuterol in rat, rabbit, dog, and man are also discussed in the chapter. In clenbuterol, synthesis, structure activity relationships, and pharmacology of a series of bronchospasmolytic, 0-phenylethylaminoalkylxanthines are selected for clinical trial. Corricosreroids–beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol was used in the treatment of chronic asthma, particularly in children.