Pseudo-Kaposi's Sarcoma of the Hand Associated With an Acquired, Iatrogenic Arteriovenous Fistula

• Pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma has been associated, in most cases, with an underlying congenital arteriovenous (AV) fistula. A patient with chronic renal failure and an acquired, iatrogenic AV fistula in his left wrist for hemodialysis developed pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma on his left hand three years after placement of the AV fistula. Histologic findings included a proliferation of superficial dermal vessels and fibroblasts, extravasated red blood cells, and occasional fibrin thrombi in vessels. To our knowledge, this is the third case of an association between pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma and an acquired, iatrogenic AV fistula, and the first to involve the hand. Pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma occurs in association with underlying congenital and acquired AV fistulas.