TY - JOUR
T1 - Protective interventions to prevent aflatoxin-induced carcinogenesis in developing countries
AU - Groopman, John D.
AU - Kensler, Thomas W.
AU - Wild, Christopher P.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - The public health impact of aflatoxin exposure is pervasive in economically developing countries; consequently, we need to design intervention strategies for prevention that are practicable for these high-risk populations. The adverse health consequences of aflatoxins in populations are quite varied, eliciting acute effects, such as rapid death, and chronic outcomes, such as hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, a number of epidemiological studies describe a variety of general adverse health effects associated with aflatoxin, such as impaired growth in children. Thus, the magnitude of the problem is disseminated across the entire spectrum of age, gender, and health status in the population. The aflatoxins multiplicatively increase the risk of liver cancer in people chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), which illustrates the deleterious impact that even low toxin levels in the diet can pose for human health. Thus other aflatoxin interactions, which likely contribute to the diesease burden, still remain to be identified. Therefore, many diverse and appropriate strategies for disease prevention are needed to decrease the incidence of aflatoxin carcinogenesis in developing countries.
AB - The public health impact of aflatoxin exposure is pervasive in economically developing countries; consequently, we need to design intervention strategies for prevention that are practicable for these high-risk populations. The adverse health consequences of aflatoxins in populations are quite varied, eliciting acute effects, such as rapid death, and chronic outcomes, such as hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, a number of epidemiological studies describe a variety of general adverse health effects associated with aflatoxin, such as impaired growth in children. Thus, the magnitude of the problem is disseminated across the entire spectrum of age, gender, and health status in the population. The aflatoxins multiplicatively increase the risk of liver cancer in people chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), which illustrates the deleterious impact that even low toxin levels in the diet can pose for human health. Thus other aflatoxin interactions, which likely contribute to the diesease burden, still remain to be identified. Therefore, many diverse and appropriate strategies for disease prevention are needed to decrease the incidence of aflatoxin carcinogenesis in developing countries.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Liver cancer
KW - Prevention
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=42949160573&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=42949160573&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090859
DO - 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090859
M3 - Article
C2 - 17914931
AN - SCOPUS:42949160573
SN - 0163-7525
VL - 29
SP - 187
EP - 203
JO - Annual review of public health
JF - Annual review of public health
ER -