TY - JOUR
T1 - Profiles of tamoxifen-related side effects by race and smoking status in women with breast cancer
AU - Zhan, Min
AU - Flaws, Jodi A.
AU - Gallicchio, Lisa
AU - Tkaczuk, Katherine
AU - Lewis, Lynn M.
AU - Royak-Schaler, Renee
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is widely used as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients; however, it is also associated with undesirable side effects. The goal of this study was to investigate TAM-related side effects, and determine profiles of side effects by race and by smoking status. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional study data from 138 African American and Caucasian women with breast cancer taking TAM 20 mg daily for at least 30 days prior to enrollment. Participants completed questionnaires that obtained information about demographic characteristics, reproductive history, health and lifestyle characteristics, TAM use and its related side effects. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Compared to never smokers, a significantly greater percentage of current smokers reported ever experiencing TAM-related nausea (28.0% versus 5.0%, P = 0.007), depression (40.0% versus 7.1%, P = 0.001) and migraines (19.2% versus 1.7%, P = 0.02). These differences remained statistically significant after controlling for race, age, obesity, tumor stage, and duration of TAM treatment. No significant differences by race were noted in women reporting TAM side effects. Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that current smokers with breast cancer should be informed of the increased probability of reporting TAM-related side effects such as nausea, depression and migraines, and counseled about smoking cessation which may reduce the incidence of these side effects.
AB - Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is widely used as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients; however, it is also associated with undesirable side effects. The goal of this study was to investigate TAM-related side effects, and determine profiles of side effects by race and by smoking status. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional study data from 138 African American and Caucasian women with breast cancer taking TAM 20 mg daily for at least 30 days prior to enrollment. Participants completed questionnaires that obtained information about demographic characteristics, reproductive history, health and lifestyle characteristics, TAM use and its related side effects. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Compared to never smokers, a significantly greater percentage of current smokers reported ever experiencing TAM-related nausea (28.0% versus 5.0%, P = 0.007), depression (40.0% versus 7.1%, P = 0.001) and migraines (19.2% versus 1.7%, P = 0.02). These differences remained statistically significant after controlling for race, age, obesity, tumor stage, and duration of TAM treatment. No significant differences by race were noted in women reporting TAM side effects. Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that current smokers with breast cancer should be informed of the increased probability of reporting TAM-related side effects such as nausea, depression and migraines, and counseled about smoking cessation which may reduce the incidence of these side effects.
KW - Adjuvant therapy
KW - Breast cancer
KW - Depression
KW - Quality of life
KW - Race
KW - Side effects
KW - Smoking
KW - Tamoxifen
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=36448976865&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=36448976865&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cdp.2007.10.004
DO - 10.1016/j.cdp.2007.10.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 18023540
AN - SCOPUS:36448976865
SN - 0361-090X
VL - 31
SP - 384
EP - 390
JO - Cancer Detection and Prevention
JF - Cancer Detection and Prevention
IS - 5
ER -