Process improvement in cardiac surgery: Development and implementation of a reoperation for bleeding checklist

Gabriel Loor, Alessandro Vivacqua, Joseph F. Sabik, Liang Li, Eric D. Hixson, Eugene H. Blackstone, Colleen G. Koch

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective High-performing health care organizations differentiate themselves by focusing on continuous process improvement initiatives aimed at enhancing patient outcomes. Reoperation for bleeding is an event associated with considerable morbidity risk. Hence, our primary objective was to develop and implement a formal operative checklist to reduce technical reasons for postoperative bleeding. Methods From January 1, 2011, through June 30, 2012, 5812 cardiac surgical procedures were performed at Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland, OH). A multidisciplinary team developed a simple, easy-to-perform hemostasis checklist based on the most common sites of bleeding. An extensive educational in-service was performed before limited, then universal, checklist implementation. Geometric charts were used to track the number of cases between consecutive reoperations for bleeding. We compared these before (phase 0) and after the first limited implementation phase (phase 1) and the universal implementation phase (phase 2) of the checklist. Results The average number of cases between consecutive reoperations for bleeding increased from 32 in phase 0 to 53 in both phase 1 (P =.002) and phase 2 (P =.01). Conclusions A substantial reduction in reoperation for bleeding cases followed implementation of a formalized hemostasis checklist. Our findings underscore the important influence of memory aids that focus attention on surgical techniques to improve patient outcomes in a complex, operative work environment.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1028-1032
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume146
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2013
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Surgery
  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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