Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews

Brooke Levis; Andrea Benedetti; Kira E. Riehm; Nazanin Saadat; Alexander W. Levis; Marleine Azar; Danielle B. Rice; Matthew J. Chiovitti; Tatiana A. Sanchez; Pim Cuijpers; Simon Gilbody; John P.A. Ioannidis; Lorie A. Kloda; Dean McMillan; Scott B. Patten; Ian Shrier; Russell J. Steele; Roy C. Ziegelstein; Dickens H. Akena; Bruce Arroll; Liat Ayalon; Hamid R. Baradaran; Murray Baron; Anna Beraldi; Charles H. Bombardier; Peter Butterworth; Gregory Carter; Marcos H. Chagas; Juliana C.N. Chan; Rushina Cholera; Neerja Chowdhary; Kerrie Clover; Yeates Conwell; Janneke M. De Man-Van Ginkel; Jaime Delgadillo; Jesse R. Fann; Felix H. Fischer; Benjamin Fischler; Daniel Fung; Bizu Gelaye; Felicity Goodyear-Smith; Catherine G. Greeno; Brian J. Hall; John Hambridge; Patricia A. Harrison; Ulrich Hegerl; Leanne Hides; Stevan E. Hobfoll; Marie Hudson; Thomas Hyphantis; Masatoshi Inagaki; Khalida Ismail; Nathalie Jetté; Mohammad E. Khamseh; Kim M. Kiely; Femke Lamers; Shen Ing Liu; Manote Lotrakul; Sonia R. Loureiro; Bernd Löwe; Laura Marsh; Anthony McGuire; Sherina Mohd Sidik; Tiago N. Munhoz; Kumiko Muramatsu; Flávia L. Osório; Vikram Patel; Brian W. Pence; Philippe Persoons; Angelo Picardi; Alasdair G. Rooney; Iná S. Santos; Juwita Shaaban; Abbey Sidebottom; Adam Simning; Lesley Stafford; Sharon Sung; Pei Lin Lynnette Tan; Alyna Turner; Christina M. Van Der Feltz-Cornelis; Henk C. Van Weert; Paul A. Vöhringer; Jennifer White; Mary A. Whooley; Kirsty Winkley; Mitsuhiko Yamada; Yuying Zhang; Brett D. Thombs

doi:10.1192/bjp.2018.54

Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews

Brooke Levis, Andrea Benedetti, Kira E. Riehm, Nazanin Saadat, Alexander W. Levis, Marleine Azar, Danielle B. Rice, Matthew J. Chiovitti, Tatiana A. Sanchez, Pim Cuijpers, Simon Gilbody, John P.A. Ioannidis, Lorie A. Kloda, Dean McMillan, Scott B. Patten, Ian Shrier, Russell J. Steele, Roy C. Ziegelstein, Dickens H. Akena, Bruce ArrollLiat Ayalon, Hamid R. Baradaran, Murray Baron, Anna Beraldi, Charles H. Bombardier, Peter Butterworth, Gregory Carter, Marcos H. Chagas, Juliana C.N. Chan, Rushina Cholera, Neerja Chowdhary, Kerrie Clover, Yeates Conwell, Janneke M. De Man-Van Ginkel, Jaime Delgadillo, Jesse R. Fann, Felix H. Fischer, Benjamin Fischler, Daniel Fung, Bizu Gelaye, Felicity Goodyear-Smith, Catherine G. Greeno, Brian J. Hall, John Hambridge, Patricia A. Harrison, Ulrich Hegerl, Leanne Hides, Stevan E. Hobfoll, Marie Hudson, Thomas Hyphantis, Masatoshi Inagaki, Khalida Ismail, Nathalie Jetté, Mohammad E. Khamseh, Kim M. Kiely, Femke Lamers, Shen Ing Liu, Manote Lotrakul, Sonia R. Loureiro, Bernd Löwe, Laura Marsh, Anthony McGuire, Sherina Mohd Sidik, Tiago N. Munhoz, Kumiko Muramatsu, Flávia L. Osório, Vikram Patel, Brian W. Pence, Philippe Persoons, Angelo Picardi, Alasdair G. Rooney, Iná S. Santos, Juwita Shaaban, Abbey Sidebottom, Adam Simning, Lesley Stafford, Sharon Sung, Pei Lin Lynnette Tan, Alyna Turner, Christina M. Van Der Feltz-Cornelis, Henk C. Van Weert, Paul A. Vöhringer, Jennifer White, Mary A. Whooley, Kirsty Winkley, Mitsuhiko Yamada, Yuying Zhang, Brett D. Thombs

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: Different diagnostic interviews are used as reference standards for major depression classification in research. Semi-structured interviews involve clinical judgement, whereas fully structured interviews are completely scripted. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a brief fully structured interview, is also sometimes used. It is not known whether interview method is associated with probability of major depression classification. Aims: To evaluate the association between interview method and odds of major depression classification, controlling for depressive symptom scores and participant characteristics. Method: Data collected for an individual participant data meta-analysis of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic accuracy were analysed and binomial generalised linear mixed models were fit. Results: A total of 17 158 participants (2287 with major depression) from 57 primary studies were analysed. Among fully structured interviews, odds of major depression were higher for the MINI compared with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.15-3.87). Compared with semi-structured interviews, fully structured interviews (MINI excluded) were non-significantly more likely to classify participants with low-level depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≤6) as having major depression (OR = 3.13; 95% CI = 0.98-10.00), similarly likely for moderate-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 7-15) (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.56-1.66) and significantly less likely for high-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≥16) (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26-0.97). Conclusions: The MINI may identify more people as depressed than the CIDI, and semi-structured and fully structured interviews may not be interchangeable methods, but these results should be replicated.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	377-385
Number of pages	9
Journal	British Journal of Psychiatry
Volume	212
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.54
State	Published - Jun 1 2018

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Psychiatry and Mental health

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10.1192/bjp.2018.54

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Levis, B., Benedetti, A., Riehm, K. E., Saadat, N., Levis, A. W., Azar, M., Rice, D. B., Chiovitti, M. J., Sanchez, T. A., Cuijpers, P., Gilbody, S., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Kloda, L. A., McMillan, D., Patten, S. B., Shrier, I., Steele, R. J., Ziegelstein, R. C., Akena, D. H., ... Thombs, B. D. (2018). Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews. British Journal of Psychiatry, 212(6), 377-385. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.54

Levis, B, Benedetti, A, Riehm, KE, Saadat, N, Levis, AW, Azar, M, Rice, DB, Chiovitti, MJ, Sanchez, TA, Cuijpers, P, Gilbody, S, Ioannidis, JPA, Kloda, LA, McMillan, D, Patten, SB, Shrier, I, Steele, RJ, Ziegelstein, RC, Akena, DH, Arroll, B, Ayalon, L, Baradaran, HR, Baron, M, Beraldi, A, Bombardier, CH, Butterworth, P, Carter, G, Chagas, MH, Chan, JCN, Cholera, R, Chowdhary, N, Clover, K, Conwell, Y, De Man-Van Ginkel, JM, Delgadillo, J, Fann, JR, Fischer, FH, Fischler, B, Fung, D, Gelaye, B, Goodyear-Smith, F, Greeno, CG, Hall, BJ, Hambridge, J, Harrison, PA, Hegerl, U, Hides, L, Hobfoll, SE, Hudson, M, Hyphantis, T, Inagaki, M, Ismail, K, Jetté, N, Khamseh, ME, Kiely, KM, Lamers, F, Liu, SI, Lotrakul, M, Loureiro, SR, Löwe, B, Marsh, L, McGuire, A, Mohd Sidik, S, Munhoz, TN, Muramatsu, K, Osório, FL, Patel, V, Pence, BW, Persoons, P, Picardi, A, Rooney, AG, Santos, IS, Shaaban, J, Sidebottom, A, Simning, A, Stafford, L, Sung, S, Tan, PLL, Turner, A, Van Der Feltz-Cornelis, CM, Van Weert, HC, Vöhringer, PA, White, J, Whooley, MA, Winkley, K, Yamada, M, Zhang, Y & Thombs, BD 2018, 'Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews', British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 212, no. 6, pp. 377-385. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.54

@article{1148b7b306f24342a23f5e16e4d17ea4,

title = "Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews",

abstract = "Background: Different diagnostic interviews are used as reference standards for major depression classification in research. Semi-structured interviews involve clinical judgement, whereas fully structured interviews are completely scripted. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a brief fully structured interview, is also sometimes used. It is not known whether interview method is associated with probability of major depression classification. Aims: To evaluate the association between interview method and odds of major depression classification, controlling for depressive symptom scores and participant characteristics. Method: Data collected for an individual participant data meta-analysis of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic accuracy were analysed and binomial generalised linear mixed models were fit. Results: A total of 17 158 participants (2287 with major depression) from 57 primary studies were analysed. Among fully structured interviews, odds of major depression were higher for the MINI compared with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.15-3.87). Compared with semi-structured interviews, fully structured interviews (MINI excluded) were non-significantly more likely to classify participants with low-level depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≤6) as having major depression (OR = 3.13; 95% CI = 0.98-10.00), similarly likely for moderate-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 7-15) (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.56-1.66) and significantly less likely for high-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≥16) (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26-0.97). Conclusions: The MINI may identify more people as depressed than the CIDI, and semi-structured and fully structured interviews may not be interchangeable methods, but these results should be replicated.",

author = "Brooke Levis and Andrea Benedetti and Riehm, {Kira E.} and Nazanin Saadat and Levis, {Alexander W.} and Marleine Azar and Rice, {Danielle B.} and Chiovitti, {Matthew J.} and Sanchez, {Tatiana A.} and Pim Cuijpers and Simon Gilbody and Ioannidis, {John P.A.} and Kloda, {Lorie A.} and Dean McMillan and Patten, {Scott B.} and Ian Shrier and Steele, {Russell J.} and Ziegelstein, {Roy C.} and Akena, {Dickens H.} and Bruce Arroll and Liat Ayalon and Baradaran, {Hamid R.} and Murray Baron and Anna Beraldi and Bombardier, {Charles H.} and Peter Butterworth and Gregory Carter and Chagas, {Marcos H.} and Chan, {Juliana C.N.} and Rushina Cholera and Neerja Chowdhary and Kerrie Clover and Yeates Conwell and {De Man-Van Ginkel}, {Janneke M.} and Jaime Delgadillo and Fann, {Jesse R.} and Fischer, {Felix H.} and Benjamin Fischler and Daniel Fung and Bizu Gelaye and Felicity Goodyear-Smith and Greeno, {Catherine G.} and Hall, {Brian J.} and John Hambridge and Harrison, {Patricia A.} and Ulrich Hegerl and Leanne Hides and Hobfoll, {Stevan E.} and Marie Hudson and Thomas Hyphantis and Masatoshi Inagaki and Khalida Ismail and Nathalie Jett{\'e} and Khamseh, {Mohammad E.} and Kiely, {Kim M.} and Femke Lamers and Liu, {Shen Ing} and Manote Lotrakul and Loureiro, {Sonia R.} and Bernd L{\"o}we and Laura Marsh and Anthony McGuire and {Mohd Sidik}, Sherina and Munhoz, {Tiago N.} and Kumiko Muramatsu and Os{\'o}rio, {Fl{\'a}via L.} and Vikram Patel and Pence, {Brian W.} and Philippe Persoons and Angelo Picardi and Rooney, {Alasdair G.} and Santos, {In{\'a} S.} and Juwita Shaaban and Abbey Sidebottom and Adam Simning and Lesley Stafford and Sharon Sung and Tan, {Pei Lin Lynnette} and Alyna Turner and {Van Der Feltz-Cornelis}, {Christina M.} and {Van Weert}, {Henk C.} and V{\"o}hringer, {Paul A.} and Jennifer White and Whooley, {Mary A.} and Kirsty Winkley and Mitsuhiko Yamada and Yuying Zhang and Thombs, {Brett D.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2018 The Royal College of Psychiatrists.",

year = "2018",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1192/bjp.2018.54",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "212",

pages = "377--385",

journal = "British Journal of Psychiatry",

issn = "0007-1250",

publisher = "Royal College of Psychiatrists",

number = "6",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews

AU - Levis, Brooke

AU - Benedetti, Andrea

AU - Riehm, Kira E.

AU - Saadat, Nazanin

AU - Levis, Alexander W.

AU - Azar, Marleine

AU - Rice, Danielle B.

AU - Chiovitti, Matthew J.

AU - Sanchez, Tatiana A.

AU - Cuijpers, Pim

AU - Gilbody, Simon

AU - Ioannidis, John P.A.

AU - Kloda, Lorie A.

AU - McMillan, Dean

AU - Patten, Scott B.

AU - Shrier, Ian

AU - Steele, Russell J.

AU - Ziegelstein, Roy C.

AU - Akena, Dickens H.

AU - Arroll, Bruce

AU - Ayalon, Liat

AU - Baradaran, Hamid R.

AU - Baron, Murray

AU - Beraldi, Anna

AU - Bombardier, Charles H.

AU - Butterworth, Peter

AU - Carter, Gregory

AU - Chagas, Marcos H.

AU - Chan, Juliana C.N.

AU - Cholera, Rushina

AU - Chowdhary, Neerja

AU - Clover, Kerrie

AU - Conwell, Yeates

AU - De Man-Van Ginkel, Janneke M.

AU - Delgadillo, Jaime

AU - Fann, Jesse R.

AU - Fischer, Felix H.

AU - Fischler, Benjamin

AU - Fung, Daniel

AU - Gelaye, Bizu

AU - Goodyear-Smith, Felicity

AU - Greeno, Catherine G.

AU - Hall, Brian J.

AU - Hambridge, John

AU - Harrison, Patricia A.

AU - Hegerl, Ulrich

AU - Hides, Leanne

AU - Hobfoll, Stevan E.

AU - Hudson, Marie

AU - Hyphantis, Thomas

AU - Inagaki, Masatoshi

AU - Ismail, Khalida

AU - Jetté, Nathalie

AU - Khamseh, Mohammad E.

AU - Kiely, Kim M.

AU - Lamers, Femke

AU - Liu, Shen Ing

AU - Lotrakul, Manote

AU - Loureiro, Sonia R.

AU - Löwe, Bernd

AU - Marsh, Laura

AU - McGuire, Anthony

AU - Mohd Sidik, Sherina

AU - Munhoz, Tiago N.

AU - Muramatsu, Kumiko

AU - Osório, Flávia L.

AU - Patel, Vikram

AU - Pence, Brian W.

AU - Persoons, Philippe

AU - Picardi, Angelo

AU - Rooney, Alasdair G.

AU - Santos, Iná S.

AU - Shaaban, Juwita

AU - Sidebottom, Abbey

AU - Simning, Adam

AU - Stafford, Lesley

AU - Sung, Sharon

AU - Tan, Pei Lin Lynnette

AU - Turner, Alyna

AU - Van Der Feltz-Cornelis, Christina M.

AU - Van Weert, Henk C.

AU - Vöhringer, Paul A.

AU - White, Jennifer

AU - Whooley, Mary A.

AU - Winkley, Kirsty

AU - Yamada, Mitsuhiko

AU - Zhang, Yuying

AU - Thombs, Brett D.

PY - 2018/6/1

Y1 - 2018/6/1

N2 - Background: Different diagnostic interviews are used as reference standards for major depression classification in research. Semi-structured interviews involve clinical judgement, whereas fully structured interviews are completely scripted. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a brief fully structured interview, is also sometimes used. It is not known whether interview method is associated with probability of major depression classification. Aims: To evaluate the association between interview method and odds of major depression classification, controlling for depressive symptom scores and participant characteristics. Method: Data collected for an individual participant data meta-analysis of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic accuracy were analysed and binomial generalised linear mixed models were fit. Results: A total of 17 158 participants (2287 with major depression) from 57 primary studies were analysed. Among fully structured interviews, odds of major depression were higher for the MINI compared with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.15-3.87). Compared with semi-structured interviews, fully structured interviews (MINI excluded) were non-significantly more likely to classify participants with low-level depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≤6) as having major depression (OR = 3.13; 95% CI = 0.98-10.00), similarly likely for moderate-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 7-15) (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.56-1.66) and significantly less likely for high-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≥16) (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26-0.97). Conclusions: The MINI may identify more people as depressed than the CIDI, and semi-structured and fully structured interviews may not be interchangeable methods, but these results should be replicated.

AB - Background: Different diagnostic interviews are used as reference standards for major depression classification in research. Semi-structured interviews involve clinical judgement, whereas fully structured interviews are completely scripted. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a brief fully structured interview, is also sometimes used. It is not known whether interview method is associated with probability of major depression classification. Aims: To evaluate the association between interview method and odds of major depression classification, controlling for depressive symptom scores and participant characteristics. Method: Data collected for an individual participant data meta-analysis of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) diagnostic accuracy were analysed and binomial generalised linear mixed models were fit. Results: A total of 17 158 participants (2287 with major depression) from 57 primary studies were analysed. Among fully structured interviews, odds of major depression were higher for the MINI compared with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.15-3.87). Compared with semi-structured interviews, fully structured interviews (MINI excluded) were non-significantly more likely to classify participants with low-level depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≤6) as having major depression (OR = 3.13; 95% CI = 0.98-10.00), similarly likely for moderate-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores 7-15) (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.56-1.66) and significantly less likely for high-level symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≥16) (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26-0.97). Conclusions: The MINI may identify more people as depressed than the CIDI, and semi-structured and fully structured interviews may not be interchangeable methods, but these results should be replicated.

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U2 - 10.1192/bjp.2018.54

DO - 10.1192/bjp.2018.54

M3 - Review article

C2 - 29717691

AN - SCOPUS:85053536637

SN - 0007-1250

VL - 212

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EP - 385

JO - British Journal of Psychiatry

JF - British Journal of Psychiatry

IS - 6

ER -

Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews

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