TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of hypertension in older people in Africa
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Kaze, Arnaud D.
AU - Schutte, Aletta E.
AU - Erqou, Sebhat
AU - Kengne, Andre P.
AU - Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/7/1
Y1 - 2017/7/1
N2 - Objective: The prevalence of hypertension in older people living onb the African continent has not been comprehensively assessed. We aimed to provide accurate estimates of hypertension prevalence and variations by major predictive characteristics in this population to assist prevention and monitoring efforts. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched major electronic databases for population-based studies on hypertension prevalence reported from 1 January 2000 to 5 March 2016. Two independent reviewers undertook quality assessment and data extraction. We stabilized the variance of study-specific prevalence with the Freeman-Tukey single arcsine transformation before pooling the data with random-effects models. Results: From the 2864 citations identified via searches, 91 studies providing 156 separate data contributions involving 54 198 individuals met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 55.2% (95% confidence interval 53.1-57.4). Prevalence was higher in urban compared with rural settings [59.0% (55.3-62.6) vs. 48.0% (43.8-52.3), P < 0.001]. Prevalence did not differ significantly between STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) and non-STEPS studies, across age groups, sex, sample size, year of publication, region, or population coverage. In cumulative meta-analysis, no temporal trend was identified over the years considered in this review. In influence analysis, no individual study was found to have a strong effect on the pooled prevalence estimate. There was substantial heterogeneity across studies (all I 2 > 94%, P < 0.001) and no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need to implement timely and aggressive strategies for prevention, detection, and control of hypertension among older people in Africa. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42016034003.
AB - Objective: The prevalence of hypertension in older people living onb the African continent has not been comprehensively assessed. We aimed to provide accurate estimates of hypertension prevalence and variations by major predictive characteristics in this population to assist prevention and monitoring efforts. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched major electronic databases for population-based studies on hypertension prevalence reported from 1 January 2000 to 5 March 2016. Two independent reviewers undertook quality assessment and data extraction. We stabilized the variance of study-specific prevalence with the Freeman-Tukey single arcsine transformation before pooling the data with random-effects models. Results: From the 2864 citations identified via searches, 91 studies providing 156 separate data contributions involving 54 198 individuals met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 55.2% (95% confidence interval 53.1-57.4). Prevalence was higher in urban compared with rural settings [59.0% (55.3-62.6) vs. 48.0% (43.8-52.3), P < 0.001]. Prevalence did not differ significantly between STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) and non-STEPS studies, across age groups, sex, sample size, year of publication, region, or population coverage. In cumulative meta-analysis, no temporal trend was identified over the years considered in this review. In influence analysis, no individual study was found to have a strong effect on the pooled prevalence estimate. There was substantial heterogeneity across studies (all I 2 > 94%, P < 0.001) and no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need to implement timely and aggressive strategies for prevention, detection, and control of hypertension among older people in Africa. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42016034003.
KW - Africa
KW - hypertension
KW - meta-analysis
KW - old people
KW - prevalence
KW - systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85014511945&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85014511945&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001345
DO - 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001345
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28267038
AN - SCOPUS:85014511945
SN - 0263-6352
VL - 35
SP - 1345
EP - 1352
JO - Journal of hypertension
JF - Journal of hypertension
IS - 7
ER -