TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and correlates of gout in a large cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease
T2 - The German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - GCKD Study Investigators
AU - Jing, Jiaojiao
AU - Kielstein, Jan T.
AU - Schultheiss, Ulla T.
AU - Sitter, Thomas
AU - Titze, Stephanie I.
AU - Schaeffner, Elke S.
AU - McAdams-DeMarco, Mara
AU - Kronenberg, Florian
AU - Eckardt, Kai Uwe
AU - Köttgen, Anna
AU - Prokosch, Hans Ulrich
AU - Bärthlein, Barbara
AU - Reis, André
AU - Ekici, Arif B.
AU - Gefeller, Olaf
AU - Hilgers, Karl F.
AU - Hübner, Silvia
AU - Avendaño, Susanne
AU - Becker-Grosspitsch, Dinah
AU - Hauck, Nina
AU - Seuchter, Susanne A.
AU - Hausknecht, Birgit
AU - Rittmeier, Marion
AU - Weigel, Anke
AU - Beck, Andreas
AU - Ganslandt, Thomas
AU - Knispel, Sabine
AU - Dressel, Thomas
AU - Malzer, Martina
AU - Floege, Jürgen
AU - Eitner, Frank
AU - Schlieper, Georg
AU - Findeisen, Katharina
AU - Arweiler, Elfriede
AU - Ernst, Sabine
AU - Unger, Mario
AU - Lipski, Stefan
AU - Baid-Agrawal, Seema
AU - Petzold, Kerstin
AU - Schindler, Ralf
AU - Meder, Simone
AU - Mitsch, Erna
AU - Reinhard, Ursula
AU - Walz, Gerd
AU - Haller, Hermann
AU - Lorenzen, Johan
AU - Otto, Petra
AU - Sommerer, Claudia
AU - Föllinger, Claudia
AU - Zeier, Martin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/4/1
Y1 - 2015/4/1
N2 - BackgroundReduced kidney function is a risk factor for hyperuricaemia and gout, but limited information on the burden of gout is available from studies of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We therefore examined the prevalence and correlates of gout in the large prospective observational German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. MethodsData from 5085 CKD patients aged 18-74 years with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-<60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or eGFR ≥60 and overt proteinuria at recruitment and non-missing values for self-reported gout, medications and urate measurements from a central laboratory were evaluated. ResultsThe overall prevalence of gout was 24.3%, and increased from 16.0% in those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 to 35.6% in those with eGFR <30. Of those with self-reported gout, 30.7% of individuals were not currently taking any gout medication and among gout patients on urate lowering therapy, 47.2% still showed hyperuricaemia. Factors associated with gout were serum urate, lower eGFR, advanced age, male sex, higher body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, higher triglyceride and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, alcohol intake and diuretics use. While lower eGFR categories showed significant associations with gout in multivariable-adjusted models (prevalence ratio 1.46 for eGFR <30 compared with eGFR ≥60, 95% confidence interval 1.21-1.77), associations between gout and higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in this CKD population were not significant. ConclusionsSelf-reported gout is common among patients with CKD and lower GFR is strongly associated with gout. Pharmacological management of gout in patients with CKD is suboptimal. Prospective follow-up will show whether gout and hyperuricaemia increase the risk of CKD progression and cardiovascular events in the GCKD study.
AB - BackgroundReduced kidney function is a risk factor for hyperuricaemia and gout, but limited information on the burden of gout is available from studies of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We therefore examined the prevalence and correlates of gout in the large prospective observational German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. MethodsData from 5085 CKD patients aged 18-74 years with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-<60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or eGFR ≥60 and overt proteinuria at recruitment and non-missing values for self-reported gout, medications and urate measurements from a central laboratory were evaluated. ResultsThe overall prevalence of gout was 24.3%, and increased from 16.0% in those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 to 35.6% in those with eGFR <30. Of those with self-reported gout, 30.7% of individuals were not currently taking any gout medication and among gout patients on urate lowering therapy, 47.2% still showed hyperuricaemia. Factors associated with gout were serum urate, lower eGFR, advanced age, male sex, higher body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, higher triglyceride and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, alcohol intake and diuretics use. While lower eGFR categories showed significant associations with gout in multivariable-adjusted models (prevalence ratio 1.46 for eGFR <30 compared with eGFR ≥60, 95% confidence interval 1.21-1.77), associations between gout and higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in this CKD population were not significant. ConclusionsSelf-reported gout is common among patients with CKD and lower GFR is strongly associated with gout. Pharmacological management of gout in patients with CKD is suboptimal. Prospective follow-up will show whether gout and hyperuricaemia increase the risk of CKD progression and cardiovascular events in the GCKD study.
KW - GCKD study
KW - chronic kidney disease
KW - correlates
KW - estimated glomerular filtration rate
KW - gout epidemiology
KW - observational study
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U2 - 10.1093/ndt/gfu352
DO - 10.1093/ndt/gfu352
M3 - Article
C2 - 25395390
AN - SCOPUS:84926610862
SN - 0931-0509
VL - 30
SP - 613
EP - 621
JO - Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
JF - Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
IS - 4
ER -