TY - JOUR
T1 - Predictors of Satisfying and Impactful Clinical Shadowing Experiences for Underrepresented Minority High School Students Interested in Healthcare Careers
AU - Kendrick, Karla
AU - Withey, Stephanie
AU - Batson, Alex
AU - Wright, Scott M.
AU - O'Rourke, Paul
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 National Medical Association
PY - 2020/8
Y1 - 2020/8
N2 - Introduction: Diversity among healthcare professionals lags behind the increasing racial and ethnic diversity of the United States’ population. Increasing diversity of the health professional workforce may be one strategy to influence healthcare disparities. This study sought to understand factors associated with highly satisfying and impactful clinical shadowing experiences among underrepresented minority (URM) students in a health professional development program for urban high school students. Methods: We analyzed data from students’ summer clinical shadowing experiences in 2016 and 2017. We sought to determine if preceptor factors (e.g. racial and gender concordance with students), or patient related variables (e.g. racial concordance with students, the volume of patients per session) were associated with overall satisfaction with shadowing, the desire to pursue a similar career as their preceptor, and viewing their preceptor as a role model. After each shadowing experience, students completed evaluation forms. Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Over two summers, 65 high school juniors participated in an average of 14 half-day clinical shadowing sessions; 59 of these students identify as URMs. Among URM students, racial/ethnic concordance between preceptor and student was significantly associated with viewing the preceptor as a role model (p = 0.028). Witnessing a greater number of patient-provider encounters (≥five patients per session) was associated with higher satisfaction with the experience (p = 0.0002), and viewing the preceptor as a role model (p = 0.04). Conclusion: To increase diversity of the healthcare workforce, URM students need high volume patient-provider encounters. Racial and/or ethnic concordance of URM students and preceptors may provide for preferable role models.
AB - Introduction: Diversity among healthcare professionals lags behind the increasing racial and ethnic diversity of the United States’ population. Increasing diversity of the health professional workforce may be one strategy to influence healthcare disparities. This study sought to understand factors associated with highly satisfying and impactful clinical shadowing experiences among underrepresented minority (URM) students in a health professional development program for urban high school students. Methods: We analyzed data from students’ summer clinical shadowing experiences in 2016 and 2017. We sought to determine if preceptor factors (e.g. racial and gender concordance with students), or patient related variables (e.g. racial concordance with students, the volume of patients per session) were associated with overall satisfaction with shadowing, the desire to pursue a similar career as their preceptor, and viewing their preceptor as a role model. After each shadowing experience, students completed evaluation forms. Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Over two summers, 65 high school juniors participated in an average of 14 half-day clinical shadowing sessions; 59 of these students identify as URMs. Among URM students, racial/ethnic concordance between preceptor and student was significantly associated with viewing the preceptor as a role model (p = 0.028). Witnessing a greater number of patient-provider encounters (≥five patients per session) was associated with higher satisfaction with the experience (p = 0.0002), and viewing the preceptor as a role model (p = 0.04). Conclusion: To increase diversity of the healthcare workforce, URM students need high volume patient-provider encounters. Racial and/or ethnic concordance of URM students and preceptors may provide for preferable role models.
KW - Diversity
KW - Health professions
KW - Health professions development
KW - High school students
KW - Inner city youth
KW - Summer shadowing
KW - Underrepresented minorities
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.04.007
DO - 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.04.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 32565026
AN - SCOPUS:85086646319
SN - 0027-9684
VL - 112
SP - 381
EP - 386
JO - Journal of the National Medical Association
JF - Journal of the National Medical Association
IS - 4
ER -