Predictors of Complete Pathologic Response (pT0) to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Muscle-invasive Bladder Carcinoma

Venkata K. Pokuri, Johar R. Syed, Zhengyu Yang, Erinn P. Field, Susanna Cyriac, Roberto Pili, Ellis Glenn Levine, Gissou Azabdaftari, Donald L. Trump, Khurshid Guru, Saby George

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Randomized trials have supported the use of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) owing to the survival advantage, which has correlated with downstaging of the cancer to pT0. Only 30% to 40% of patients receiving NAC have attained a pT0 response at cystectomy; the remaining have either residual disease or progression. We aimed to identify the factors that could predict a pT0 response to NAC. Patients and Methods Of 336 patients who had undergone robotic cystectomy at our institute from May 2007 to March 2014, we identified 50 patients who had undergone NAC for MIBC. We conducted a retrospective study, dividing these 50 patients into 2 groups, those with and without a pT0. Factors, including age, histologic features, hydronephrosis at initial presentation, and chemotherapy type, were examined by both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 50 patients, 14 (28%) had pT0 at cystectomy, 20 (40%) had progressive disease, and 16 (32%) had residual disease. The median age was 67.5 years, the median glomerular filtration rate at presentation was 87.5 mL/min, the patients had undergone a median of 3 NAC cycles, and the median time from the end of chemotherapy to surgery was 4 weeks. The odds of a pT0 response for pure urothelial carcinoma (UC) were approximately 11 times greater relative to cancers with transitional cell variant histologic features or mixed tumors (odds ratio 0.09, 95% confidence interval 0.021-0.380; P =.0011), including squamous, glandular differentiation, small cell, micropapillary, sarcomatoid, nested component, lymphoepithelioma-like, and plasmacytoid variants. Conclusion The presence of pure UC favored a pT0 response to NAC compared with those with variant histologic features or mixed tumors. These potential predictors warrant prospective validation to allow the ideal selection of patients for NAC.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)e59-e65
JournalClinical Genitourinary Cancer
Volume14
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Complete pathological response
  • Mixed tumors
  • Muscle-invasive
  • Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy
  • Predictors
  • Urothelial carcinoma
  • Variant histology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Urology

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