@article{900550e945ad42aba9ca18c5d1b45052,
title = "PPARγ promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation and uptake of oxidized LDL",
abstract = "The formation of foam cells from macrophages in the arterial wall is characterized by dramatic changes in lipid metabolism, including increased expression of scavenger receptors and the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). We demonstrate here that the nuclear receptor PPARγ is induced in human monocytes following exposure to oxLDL and is expressed at high levels in the foam cells of atherosclerotic lesions. Ligand activation of the PPARγ:RXRα heteredimer in myelomonocytic cell lines induces changes characteristic of monocytic differentiation and promotes uptake of oxLDL through transcriptional induction of the scavenger receptor CD36. These results reveal a novel signaling pathway controlling differentiation and lipid metabolism in monocytic cells, and suggest that endogenous PPARγ ligands may be important regulators of gene expression during atherogenesis.",
author = "Peter Tontonoz and Laszlo Nagy and Alvarez, {Jacqueline G.A.} and Thomazy, {Vilmos A.} and Evans, {Ronald M.}",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge Dr. Helen Hobbs for the kind gift of the LDLR −/− ; Tg(apoB);Tg(apoa) mice. The authors are grateful to Dr. David Chambers for help with flow cytometry, Dr. John Schwabe for help with protein expression and purification, Henry Juguilon for tissue culture expertise, and Dr. Peter Davies for CDM-1 cells and support of the immunohistochemistry studies. We thank Dr. J. Barnwell and Ortho Diagnostics for anti-CD36 antibodies, Dr. C. Glass for anti-SR-A antibody, Dr T. Mohanakumar for anti-CD32 antibody, Dr. Richard Heyman for LG268, Drs. Enrique Saez and David Egan for a critical reading of the manuscript, and Lita Ong and Elaine Stevens for administrative assistance. R. M. E. is an Investigator and L. N. is a Research Associate of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. L. N. is on leave from the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medical School of Debrecen, Hungary. This work was supported by grants from the NIH.",
year = "1998",
month = apr,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81575-5",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "93",
pages = "241--252",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "2",
}