@article{3f2031af2f84420992457d11e9b07500,
title = "Phase separation in biology and disease—a symposium report",
abstract = "Phase separation of multivalent protein and RNA molecules enables cells the formation of reversible nonstoichiometric, membraneless assemblies. These assemblies, referred to as biomolecular condensates, help with the spatial organization and compartmentalization of cellular matter. Each biomolecular condensate is defined by a distinct macromolecular composition. Distinct condensates have distinct preferential locations within cells, and they are associated with distinct biological functions, including DNA replication, RNA metabolism, signal transduction, synaptic transmission, and stress response. Several proteins found in biomolecular condensates have also been implicated in disease, including Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and several types of cancer. Disease-associated mutations in these proteins have been found to affect the material properties of condensates as well as the driving forces for phase separation. Understanding the intrinsic and extrinsic forces driving the formation and dissolution of biomolecular condensates via spontaneous and driven phase separation is an important step in understanding the processes associated with biological regulation in health and disease.",
keywords = "biomolecular condensates, granules, membraneless organelles, phase diagram, phase separation, protein disorder",
author = "Jennifer Cable and Clifford Brangwynne and Geraldine Seydoux and David Cowburn and Pappu, {Rohit V.} and Casta{\~n}eda, {Carlos A.} and Berchowitz, {Luke E.} and Zhijuan Chen and Martin Jonikas and Abby Dernburg and Tanja Mittag and Fawzi, {Nicolas L.}",
note = "Funding Information: N.F. thanks members of his laboratory and was supported in part by the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0045/2018), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) of the National Institutes of Health (R01GM118530), and the National Science Foundation (1845734). M.J. thanks members of his laboratory and was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (EF-1105617, IOS-1359682, and MCB-1146621), the National Institutes of Health (DP2-GM-119137), and the Simons Foundation and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (55108535). L.E.B. acknowledges funding from NIH Grant R35 GM124633-01. D.C. is supported by NIH GM-117212. C.A.C. is supported by the National Science Foundation (CAREER award 1750462) and the ALS Association (17-IIP-369 and 18-IIP-400). T.M. thanks the members of her lab and acknowledges funding by the NIGMS (R01GM112846), the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, and St. Jude Children{\textquoteright}s Research Hospital. Funding Information: The 1-day symposium ?Phase Separation in Biology and Medicine? was presented by the Chemical Biology Discussion Group of the New York Academy of Sciences. The scientific organizing committee for the symposium included Cliff Brangwynne (Princeton University), Jason Imbriglio (Merck), Neal Zondlo (University of Delaware), and Sara Donnelly (The New York Academy of Sciences). N.F. thanks members of his laboratory and was supported in part by the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0045/2018), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) of the National Institutes of Health (R01GM118530), and the National Science Foundation (1845734). M.J. thanks members of his laboratory and was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (EF-1105617, IOS-1359682, and MCB-1146621), the National Institutes of Health (DP2-GM-119137), and the Simons Foundation and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (55108535). L.E.B. acknowledges funding from NIH Grant R35 GM124633-01. D.C. is supported by NIH GM-117212. C.A.C. is supported by the National Science Foundation (CAREER award 1750462) and the ALS Association (17-IIP-369 and 18-IIP-400). T.M. thanks the members of her lab and acknowledges funding by the NIGMS (R01GM112846), the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 New York Academy of Sciences.",
year = "2019",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/nyas.14126",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "1452",
pages = "3--11",
journal = "Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences",
issn = "0077-8923",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "1",
}