Percutaneous Cryoablation for Stage 1 Renal Cell Carcinoma: Outcomes from a 10-year Prospective Study and Comparison with Matched Cohorts from the National Cancer Database

John Morkos, Kori A.Porosnicu Rodriguez, Alice Zhou, Andrew R. Kolarich, Constantine Frangakis, Ronald Rodriguez, Christos S. Georgiades

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous cryoablation (PCA) is an increasingly utilized treatment for stage I renal cell carcinoma (RCC), albeit without supportive level I evidence. Purpose: Primary objective was to determine the 10-year oncologic outcomes of PCA for stage I RCC in a prospective manner. Secondary objectives were to compare outcomes after partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), to determine long-term renal function, and to determine the risk of metachronous disease. Materials and Methods: In this institutional review board-approved prospective observational study (2006-2013), study participants with single, sporadic, biopsy-proven RCC were included to calculate the 10-year overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and disease-specific survival after PCA. Results were compared with matched PN and RN NCDB cohorts. Overall and recurrence-free survival probabilities were estimated by using nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator. Disease-specific survival was estimated by using the redistribution-to-right method. Age at diagnosis was stratified as a risk for survival. The effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine level, and the risk for hemodialysis and metachronous disease were calculated. Results: One hundred thirty-four patients (46% men) with single, sporadic, biopsy-proven RCC (median size 6 standard deviation, 2.8 cm 6 1.4) were included. Overall survival was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 80%, 93%) and 72% (95% CI: 62%, 83%), recurrence-free survival was 85% (95% CI: 79%, 91%) and 69% (95% CI: 59%, 79%) (improved over surgery), and disease-specific survival was 94% (95% CI: 90%, 98%) at both 5 years and 10 years (similar to surgery), respectively. The 10-year risk of hemodialysis was 2.3%. Risk of metachronous RCC was 6%. Charlson/Deyo Combined Comorbidity score analysis showed decreasing overall survival with increasing comorbidity index. The PCA cohort outperformed both RN- A nd PN-matched subgroups in all Charlson/Deyo Combined Comorbidity score categories. Conclusion: Percutaneous cryoablation yielded a 10-year disease-specific survival of 94%, equivalent to that reported after radical or partial nephrectomy. Overall survival probability after percutaneous cryoablation at 5 years and 10 years was longer than for radical or partial nephrectomy, especially for patients at higher risk (Charlson/Deyo Combined Comorbidity score ?2).

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)452-459
Number of pages8
JournalRADIOLOGY
Volume296
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2020

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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