@article{238f4c659b5d455a8b040fea44df1cdf,
title = "Perceived HIV Treatment Norms Modify the Association Between HIV-Related Stigma and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Persons Living with HIV in Baltimore, Maryland",
abstract = "Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with reduced HIV-related morbidity/mortality and ongoing transmission; however, the extent to which this association is modified by perceived HIV treatment norms is unknown. 270 PLWH completed a survey to assess demographics, risk behaviors, stigma, ART adherence, and perceived HIV treatment norms (Baltimore, 2014–2017). We used modified Poisson regression to examine effect modification by perceived HIV treatment norms. The association between HIV-related stigma and ART adherence was modified by perceived HIV treatment norms. Among individuals who perceived that friends/family were sub-optimally adherent, HIV-related stigma was negatively associated with ART adherence (Adjusted Risk Ratio [ARR] = 0.36; 95%CI 0.15–0.87). Among those who perceived optimal adherence among friends/family, the relationship between HIV-related stigma and ART adherence was not statistically significant (ARR = 1.07; 95%CI 0.65–1.76). Interventions to improve ART adherence among those who are sub-optimally adherent could focus on increasing perceptions of ART adherence among their friends/family.",
keywords = "Antiretroviral treatment adherence, Effect modification, HIV, HIV-related stigma, Social norms",
author = "Rudolph, {Abby E.} and Dembo, {Robert S.} and Karin Tobin and Carl Latkin",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by grants K01 DA033879 to investigator Abby E. Rudolph and R01 DA032217 to investigator Carl Latkin from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and grant R21 AI131979 to investigator Abby E. Rudolph from the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. This publication also resulted (in part) from research supported by the Johns Hopkins University Center for AIDS Research, an NIH funded program (1P30AI094189), which is supported by the following NIH Co-Funding and Participating Institutes and Centers: NIAID, NCI, NICHD, NHLBI, NIDA, NIA, NIGMS, NIDDK, NIMHD. Dr. Dembo{\textquoteright}s efforts were supported by T32HD007489 and U54 HD090256 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Any findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2022",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1007/s10461-021-03409-3",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "26",
pages = "537--548",
journal = "AIDS and Behavior",
issn = "1090-7165",
publisher = "Springer New York",
number = "2",
}