TY - JOUR
T1 - Penetration routes of topically applied eye medications
AU - Doane, M. G.
AU - Jensen, A. D.
AU - Dohlman, C. H.
N1 - Funding Information:
From the Department of Cornea Research, Eye Research Institute of Retina Foundation and the Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts. This work was supported in part by Project Center Grant No. EY-00191, Research Grant No. EY-00108, and Training Grant No. EY-0043, all from the National Eye Institute; by the Heed Ophthalmic Foundation (Dr. Jensen); and by the Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund, Inc.
PY - 1978
Y1 - 1978
N2 - Tritium-labeled hydrocortisone acetate and pilocarpine hydrochloride solutions were topically applied to the eyes of rabbits. In one group of animals, the drugs were excluded from contact with the cornea by a cylindrical well glued to the eye surface. In another group, the drug solutions were allowed contact with the entire anterior surface of the eye. Total application time in all cases was five minutes, then the eyes were flushed with saline. Samples of aqueous humor, stroma, and iris-ciliary body were taken after 5, 20, 35, 65 and 125 minutes and counted in a liquid scintillation counter. With hydrocortisone, up to 70 times more drug reached the stroma when the cornea was exposed; 40 times more reached the iris. Peak stromal levels occurred by 20 minutes, dropping to one third of peak value by two hours. With pilocarpine, about five times more drug reached the iris-ciliary body when corneal access was allowed; the level peaked in about five minutes. These results illustrate the important role of tear film distribution and blinking in delivering remotely applied drugs over the cornea with subsequent entry to interior sites.
AB - Tritium-labeled hydrocortisone acetate and pilocarpine hydrochloride solutions were topically applied to the eyes of rabbits. In one group of animals, the drugs were excluded from contact with the cornea by a cylindrical well glued to the eye surface. In another group, the drug solutions were allowed contact with the entire anterior surface of the eye. Total application time in all cases was five minutes, then the eyes were flushed with saline. Samples of aqueous humor, stroma, and iris-ciliary body were taken after 5, 20, 35, 65 and 125 minutes and counted in a liquid scintillation counter. With hydrocortisone, up to 70 times more drug reached the stroma when the cornea was exposed; 40 times more reached the iris. Peak stromal levels occurred by 20 minutes, dropping to one third of peak value by two hours. With pilocarpine, about five times more drug reached the iris-ciliary body when corneal access was allowed; the level peaked in about five minutes. These results illustrate the important role of tear film distribution and blinking in delivering remotely applied drugs over the cornea with subsequent entry to interior sites.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0002-9394(14)77735-9
DO - 10.1016/S0002-9394(14)77735-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 655217
AN - SCOPUS:0017872741
SN - 0002-9394
VL - 85
SP - 383
EP - 386
JO - American journal of ophthalmology
JF - American journal of ophthalmology
IS - 3
ER -