TY - JOUR
T1 - Pediatric bipolar disorder and ADHD
T2 - Family history comparison in the LAMS clinical sample
AU - Arnold, L. Eugene
AU - Mount, Katherine
AU - Frazier, Thomas
AU - Demeter, Christine
AU - Youngstrom, Eric A.
AU - Fristad, Mary A.
AU - Birmaher, Boris
AU - Horwitz, Sarah
AU - Findling, Robert L.
AU - Kowatch, Robert
AU - Axelson, David
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by NIMH awards: Case Western Reserve University: R01 MH073967-06A1 ; Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati: R01 MH073816-06A1 ; The Ohio State University: R01 MH073801-06A1 ; and University of Pittsburgh: R01 MH073953-06A1 .
Funding Information:
Dr. Arnold receives or has received research support and/or consulting honoraria from Lilly, Shire, CureMark, Neuropharm, Targacept, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Pfizer, and Seaside Therapeutics. Dr. Frazier has received federal funding or research support from, acted as a consultant to, or received travel support from Shire Development, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, National Institute of Health, and Brain and Behavior Research Foundation. Dr. Youngstrom has received travel support from Bristol-Myers Squibb and consulted with Lundbeck. Dr. Findling receives or has received research support, acted as a consultant and/or served on a speaker's bureau for Abbott, Addrenex, Alexza, AstraZeneca, Biovail, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson, KemPharm Lilly, Lundbeck, Merck, Neuropharm, Novartis, Noven, Organon, Otsuka, Pfizer, Rhodes Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Schering-Plough, Seaside Therapeutics, Sepracore, Shionogi, Shire, Solvay, Sunovion, Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Transcept, Validus, and Wyeth. Dr. Kowatch acted as a consultant for Forest (DSMB) and REACH Foundation, received research support from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, is an editor for Current Psychiatry, and is employed by The Ohio State University. Drs. Horwitz, Fristad, Birmaher, & Axelson and Mss. Mount and Demeter have no conflicts to disclose.
PY - 2012/12/10
Y1 - 2012/12/10
N2 - Background: Transgenerational association of bipolar spectrum disorder (BPSD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been reported, but inconclusively. Method: Children ages 6-12 were systematically recruited at first outpatient visit at 9 clinics at four universities and reliably diagnosed; 621 had elevated symptoms of mania (> 12 on the Parent General Behavior Inventory 10-Item Mania Scale); 86 had scores below 12. We analyzed baseline data to test a familial association hypothesis: compared to children with neither BPSD nor ADHD, those with either BPSD or ADHD would have parents with higher rates of both bipolar and ADHD symptoms, and parents of comorbid children would have even higher rates of both. Results: Of 707 children, 421 had ADHD without BPSD, 45 BPSD without ADHD, 117 comorbid ADHD + BPSD, and 124 neither. The rate of parental manic symptoms was similar for the comorbid and BPSD-alone groups, significantly greater than for ADHD alone and neither groups, which had similar rates. ADHD symptoms in parents of children with BPSD alone were significantly less frequent than in parents of children with ADHD (alone or comorbid), and no greater than for children with neither diagnosis. Family history of manic symptoms, but not ADHD symptoms, was associated with parent-rated child manic-symptom severity over and above child diagnosis. Limitations: The sample was not epidemiologic, parent symptoms were based on family history questions, and alpha was 0.05 despite multiple tests. Conclusions: These results do not support familial linkage of BPSD and ADHD; they are compatible with heritability of each disorder separately with coincidental overlap.
AB - Background: Transgenerational association of bipolar spectrum disorder (BPSD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been reported, but inconclusively. Method: Children ages 6-12 were systematically recruited at first outpatient visit at 9 clinics at four universities and reliably diagnosed; 621 had elevated symptoms of mania (> 12 on the Parent General Behavior Inventory 10-Item Mania Scale); 86 had scores below 12. We analyzed baseline data to test a familial association hypothesis: compared to children with neither BPSD nor ADHD, those with either BPSD or ADHD would have parents with higher rates of both bipolar and ADHD symptoms, and parents of comorbid children would have even higher rates of both. Results: Of 707 children, 421 had ADHD without BPSD, 45 BPSD without ADHD, 117 comorbid ADHD + BPSD, and 124 neither. The rate of parental manic symptoms was similar for the comorbid and BPSD-alone groups, significantly greater than for ADHD alone and neither groups, which had similar rates. ADHD symptoms in parents of children with BPSD alone were significantly less frequent than in parents of children with ADHD (alone or comorbid), and no greater than for children with neither diagnosis. Family history of manic symptoms, but not ADHD symptoms, was associated with parent-rated child manic-symptom severity over and above child diagnosis. Limitations: The sample was not epidemiologic, parent symptoms were based on family history questions, and alpha was 0.05 despite multiple tests. Conclusions: These results do not support familial linkage of BPSD and ADHD; they are compatible with heritability of each disorder separately with coincidental overlap.
KW - ADHD
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Family history
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.015
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 22464937
AN - SCOPUS:84867572138
SN - 0165-0327
VL - 141
SP - 382
EP - 389
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
IS - 2-3
ER -