Patient-reported outcomes and diabetes technology: a systematic review of the literature.

Advanced diabetes technology should have benefits not only in terms of clinical outcomes, but also in terms of patient-reported outcomes. The objective of this paper is to review the methodology and findings of studies that assessed the effects of diabetes technologies such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and integrated CSII/CGM on patientreported outcomes. The existing literature in pediatric and adult patients is limited, so there is no conclusive evidence that use of CSII, CGM, or integrated CSII/CGM systems produce improved patient-reported outcomes, but most studies provide evidence that these technologies yield some patient-reported outcomes advantages, and few indicate any disadvantages. We expect that more robust studies in the future will provide further evidence regarding the impact of these technologies for patient-reported outcomes, including general health-related quality-of-life, diabetesspecific quality-of-life, treatment satisfaction, and treatment preference.