TY - JOUR
T1 - Pathogen-Specific Bacterial Imaging in Nuclear Medicine
AU - Ordonez, Alvaro A.
AU - Jain, Sanjay K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director's Transformative Research Award R01-EB020539 (S.K.J.) and R01- HL131829 (S.K.J.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2018/3
Y1 - 2018/3
N2 - When serious infections are suspected, patients are often treated empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics while awaiting results that provide information on the bacterial class and species causing the infection, as well as drug susceptibilities. For deep-seated infections, these traditional diagnostic techniques often rely on tissue biopsies to obtain clinical samples which can be expensive, dangerous, and has the potential of sampling bias. Moreover, these procedures and results can take several days and may not always provide reliable information. This combination of time and effort required for proper antibiotic selection has become a barrier leading to indiscriminate broad-spectrum antibiotic use. Exposure to nosocomial infections and indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics are responsible for promoting bacterial drug-resistance leading to substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in hospitalized and immunosuppressed patients. Therefore, early diagnosis of infection and targeted antibiotic treatments are urgently needed to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by bacterial infections worldwide. Reliable pathogen-specific bacterial imaging techniques have the potential to provide early diagnosis and guide antibiotic treatments.
AB - When serious infections are suspected, patients are often treated empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics while awaiting results that provide information on the bacterial class and species causing the infection, as well as drug susceptibilities. For deep-seated infections, these traditional diagnostic techniques often rely on tissue biopsies to obtain clinical samples which can be expensive, dangerous, and has the potential of sampling bias. Moreover, these procedures and results can take several days and may not always provide reliable information. This combination of time and effort required for proper antibiotic selection has become a barrier leading to indiscriminate broad-spectrum antibiotic use. Exposure to nosocomial infections and indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics are responsible for promoting bacterial drug-resistance leading to substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in hospitalized and immunosuppressed patients. Therefore, early diagnosis of infection and targeted antibiotic treatments are urgently needed to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by bacterial infections worldwide. Reliable pathogen-specific bacterial imaging techniques have the potential to provide early diagnosis and guide antibiotic treatments.
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U2 - 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.11.003
DO - 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.11.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29452620
AN - SCOPUS:85039039557
SN - 0001-2998
VL - 48
SP - 182
EP - 194
JO - Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
JF - Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
IS - 2
ER -