@article{6e6e59875afd4e4395c345076de1412b,
title = "Partners in Crime: Phenolic Glycolipids and Macrophages",
abstract = "Two recent articles advance our understanding of mycobacterial pathogenesis, revealing key roles for bacterially derived phenolic glycolipids (PGLs). In leprosy, Mycobacterium leprae PGL-1 uniquely subverts local macrophages to produce neurotoxic nitric oxide (NO), leading to nerve demyelination. In a related model, Mycobacterium marinum PGL stimulates the recruitment of growth-conducive monocytes to sites of initial infection as an early immune evasion strategy.",
author = "Singh, {Alok Kumar} and Bishai, {William R.}",
note = "Funding Information: The support of NIH grants AI37856 , HL133190 , and AI1300595 is gratefully acknowledged. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) produced in response to infection or tissue injury; recruits monocytes, dendritic cells, and T cells at the site of inflammation caused by infection. Clodronate bisphosphonate antiosteoporotic drug approved for the prevention of osteoporosis; selectively depletes macrophages at high doses in animal models. Demyelination damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers. Debilitating morbidity associated with leprosy is caused by axon demyelination in neurons. Phenolic glycolipid (PGL) subset of a complex branched PGL linked with increased virulence in a set of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (e.g., members of the W-Beijing family of strains). Mycobacterium marinum PGL is monoglycosylated while Mycobacterium leprae PGL-1 is triglycosylated. pu.1 morphant zebrafish treated with a morpholino antisense oligonucleotide targeting the pu.1 genetic locus, depleting myeloid progenitor cells in the fish. Ronopterin (VAS-203) NOS inhibitor (4-amino-tetrahydrobiopterin) currently under development as a neuroprotective agent for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2017",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1016/j.molmed.2017.09.003",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "23",
pages = "981--983",
journal = "Trends in Molecular Medicine",
issn = "1471-4914",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "11",
}