Parents' and children's attitudes toward the enrollment of minors in genetic susceptibility research: Implications for informed consent

Barbara A. Bernhardt, Ellen S. Tambor, Gertrude Fraser, Lawrence S. Wissow, Gail Geller

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

58 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: Children at high risk of future disease may be recruited for participation in disease susceptibility research involving genetic testing. This study was aimed at assessing parents' and children's reactions to such research, and their perceptions of risks and benefits of participating. Methods: Parents and children (ages 10-17) from families at increased risk for breast cancer (n = 16 dyads) and heart disease (n = 21 dyads) participated in separate audiotaped interviews and a follow-up family interview one year later. We asked about reactions, risks and benefits, and informational needs regarding participation in hypothetical research involving genetic testing on a saliva sample. Audiotape transcripts were analyzed qualitatively. Results: All children would initially participate because they viewed the research as low risk. When thinking about learning their test result and sharing it with others, or the uncertainties of testing, many children became hesitant about participating. Many parents thought their child might worry about a positive result, making them unlikely to enroll their child, or to choose not to tell the child test results. Both children and parents thought the benefits of participating included earlv detection or treatment (breast cancer families), prevention (heart disease families) and helping others. Children's questions about research participation centered on details of the study design and purpose, while parents' questions related to the genetic test itself. Conclusions: Children's first reaction to participating in research involving genetic susceptibility testing research may not indicate an adequate appreciation of risks and benefits; if encouraged to personalize the impact of genetic testing, children are able to engage in a more informed decision-making process.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)315-323
Number of pages9
JournalAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics
Volume116 A
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1 2003

Keywords

  • Breast cancer
  • Children
  • Genetic testing
  • Heart disease
  • Informed consent
  • Qualitative research

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Genetics
  • Genetics(clinical)

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