Ovarian hyperthecosis in the adolescent patient

The endocrine findings in two adolescents with hyperthecosis are compared to those in a patient with an androgenic ovarian tumor. In patients with hyperthecosis, luteinizing hormone values were elevated or in the upper normal range, and plasma testosterone and androstenedione values remained elevated, but after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin, they increased further in only one patient. Baseline 17-ketosteroid values were normal, suppressed with dexamethasone, and stimulated to baseline levels following HCG. The patient with a lipoid cell ovarian tumor had low baseline LH levels, and elevated testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-ketosteroid values. Dexamethasone produced little change in urinary or plasma values, but the 17-ketosteroids increased markedly after administration of HCG. The finding of low serum LH values in patients with hirsutism and elevated androgen secretion should alert the clinician to the possibility of a tumor.