@article{2d9d2786b73b446c9368465652f056e7,
title = "Opening of compacted chromatin by early developmental transcription factors HNF3 (FoxA) and GATA-4",
abstract = "The transcription factors HNF3 (FoxA) and GATA-4 are the earliest known to bind the albumin gene enhancer in liver precursor cells in embryos. To understand how they access sites in silent chromatin, we assembled nucleosome arrays containing albumin enhancer sequences and compacted them with linker histone. HNF3 and GATA-4, but not NF-1, C/EBP, and GAL4-AH, bound their sites in compacted chromatin and opened the local nucleosomal domain in the absence of ATP-dependent enzymes. The ability of HNF3 to open chromatin is mediated by a high affinity DNA binding site and by the C-terminal domain of the protein, which binds histones H3 and H4. Thus, factors that potentiate transcription in development are inherently capable of initiating chromatin opening events.",
author = "Cirillo, {Lisa Ann} and Lin, {Frank Robert} and Isabel Cuesta and Dara Friedman and Michal Jarnik and Zaret, {Kenneth S.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Jerry Workman for the pG5-208-10 nucleosome array and GAL4 expression constructs, Carl Wu and Philippe Georgel for the GST-histone tail constructs, Naoko Tanese for NF-1 protein, P. Johnson for C/EBPβ protein, Atiya Ali for experiments with the GST-histone tail proteins, Tracy Kress and Nicholas Bianco for GAL4-AH proteins, Charles Ducker and Hideyuki Yoshitomi for comments on the manuscript, and the Fox Chase Electron Microscope Facility. The research was supported by a NIH postdoctoral fellowship (DK09529-01) to L.A.C., a Spanish fellowship (FIS-BEFI 99/9143) to I.C., NIH grant (GM47903) to K.S.Z., core grant (CA06297) to Fox Chase Cancer Center, and a U.S.-Spain Fullbright fellowship to K.S.Z. and Pilar Santisteban (Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Alberto Sols, Madrid). ",
year = "2002",
doi = "10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00459-8",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
pages = "279--289",
journal = "Molecular cell",
issn = "1097-2765",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "2",
}