TY - JOUR
T1 - Online versus paper-based screening for depression and anxiety in adults with cystic fibrosis in Ireland
T2 - A cross-sectional exploratory study
AU - Cronly, Jennifer
AU - Duff, Alistair J.
AU - Riekert, Kristin A.
AU - Perry, Ivan J.
AU - Fitzgerald, Anthony P.
AU - Horgan, Aine
AU - Lehane, Elaine
AU - Howe, Barbara
AU - Chroinin, Muireann Ni
AU - Savage, Eileen
N1 - Funding Information:
Contributors ES, IJP, AJD, KAR, APF, MNC contributed to design and application for funding. ES and JC prepared for ethical approval and negotiated access to CF centres in Ireland. JC and BH collected data. JC conducted data analysis supported by APF and EL. AH and AJD offered critical insights into mental health screening. All authors contributed to the interpretation of results. JC and ES drafted the manuscript. All authors have read, edited and approved the manuscript.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by a research grant jointly funded by the Health Research Board, Ireland and Cystic Fibrosis Ireland (grant file reference: MRCG/2011/9).
Publisher Copyright:
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Objective To compare online and paper-based screening for depression and anxiety in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Design and setting Cross-sectional study in CF clinics in Ireland and through the Cystic Fibrosis Ireland online community. Participants 160 adult patients aged 18 or above were recruited. Of these, 147 were included in the analysis; 83 online and 64 paper-based. The remaining 13 were excluded because of incomplete data. Measures Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data on pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s %) and body mass index were self-reported based on clinical assessments. Sociodemographic data were collected. results Compared with the paper-based participants, the online participants were more likely to be female (61.7% vs 48.4%), older (mean 32.2 vs 28.2 years) and were more likely to be married (32.5% vs 15.6%), living with their spouse or partner (42.5% vs 22.6%) and working either full time (33.7% vs 15.9%) or part time (30.1%vs 17.5%). The prevalence rates of elevated anxiety and depression were not significantly different (P=0.71 and P=0.56). HADS anxiety and depression scores were not statistically different between online (P=0.83) and paper-based (P=0.92) participants based on Mann-Whitney U test. A significant negative correlation was found between depression and pulmonary function (r=−0.39, P=0.01) and anxiety and pulmonary function (r=−0.36, P=0.02). Based on Cronbach's alpha, there were no statistically significant differences between the online and paper-based participants on the internal consistency of the HADS anxiety (P=0.073) and depression (P=0.378) scales. Conclusions Our findings suggest that online and paper-based screening for depression and anxiety in adult patients with CF yield comparable findings on prevalence rates and scores, associations with health and internal consistency of subscales. This study highlights that online screening offers an alternative method to paper-based screening. Further research with a larger sample and assessment of measurement equivalence between online and paper based screening is needed to confirm our results.
AB - Objective To compare online and paper-based screening for depression and anxiety in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Design and setting Cross-sectional study in CF clinics in Ireland and through the Cystic Fibrosis Ireland online community. Participants 160 adult patients aged 18 or above were recruited. Of these, 147 were included in the analysis; 83 online and 64 paper-based. The remaining 13 were excluded because of incomplete data. Measures Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data on pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s %) and body mass index were self-reported based on clinical assessments. Sociodemographic data were collected. results Compared with the paper-based participants, the online participants were more likely to be female (61.7% vs 48.4%), older (mean 32.2 vs 28.2 years) and were more likely to be married (32.5% vs 15.6%), living with their spouse or partner (42.5% vs 22.6%) and working either full time (33.7% vs 15.9%) or part time (30.1%vs 17.5%). The prevalence rates of elevated anxiety and depression were not significantly different (P=0.71 and P=0.56). HADS anxiety and depression scores were not statistically different between online (P=0.83) and paper-based (P=0.92) participants based on Mann-Whitney U test. A significant negative correlation was found between depression and pulmonary function (r=−0.39, P=0.01) and anxiety and pulmonary function (r=−0.36, P=0.02). Based on Cronbach's alpha, there were no statistically significant differences between the online and paper-based participants on the internal consistency of the HADS anxiety (P=0.073) and depression (P=0.378) scales. Conclusions Our findings suggest that online and paper-based screening for depression and anxiety in adult patients with CF yield comparable findings on prevalence rates and scores, associations with health and internal consistency of subscales. This study highlights that online screening offers an alternative method to paper-based screening. Further research with a larger sample and assessment of measurement equivalence between online and paper based screening is needed to confirm our results.
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U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019305
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019305
M3 - Article
C2 - 29358445
AN - SCOPUS:85044678990
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 8
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 1
M1 - e019305
ER -