Abstract
Objective: To assess the ratio of male to female gender in the offspring of smokers and non-smokers. Method: The tool used for the survey was a questionnaire. Four hundred subjects were analyzed and were divided into three age groups. Results: Out of 400 subjects 56.5% were smokers and 43.5% were nonsmokers. Overall offspring sex ratio in nonsmokers was 1.53 and 0.61 in smokers. Conclusion: The smoking might be a contributing factor to a lower male to female sex ratio of offspring along with Estrogenic pollutants which are everywhere in the environment contaminating food, drinking water and air.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 442-443 |
| Number of pages | 2 |
| Journal | Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| State | Published - Aug 2004 |
| Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)