TY - JOUR
T1 - Ocular Motor and Vestibular Disorders in Brainstem Disease
AU - Choi, Woo Young
AU - Gold, Daniel R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - The brainstem contains ocular motor and vestibular structures that, when damaged, produce specific eye movement disorders. In this review, we will discuss three brainstem syndromes with characteristic ocular motor and vestibular findings that can be highly localizing. First, we will discuss the lateral medullary (Wallenberg) syndrome, focusing on ocular lateropulsion, saccadic dysmetria, and the ocular tilt reaction. Second, we will review the medial longitudinal fasciculus syndrome including the ocular tilt reaction, nystagmus, and the vestibular-ocular reflex. Lastly, we will discuss hypertrophic olivary degeneration and oculopalatal tremor, which may develop weeks to months after a brainstem or cerebellar lesion. In these syndromes, the clinical ocular motor and vestibular examination is instrumental in localizing the lesion.
AB - The brainstem contains ocular motor and vestibular structures that, when damaged, produce specific eye movement disorders. In this review, we will discuss three brainstem syndromes with characteristic ocular motor and vestibular findings that can be highly localizing. First, we will discuss the lateral medullary (Wallenberg) syndrome, focusing on ocular lateropulsion, saccadic dysmetria, and the ocular tilt reaction. Second, we will review the medial longitudinal fasciculus syndrome including the ocular tilt reaction, nystagmus, and the vestibular-ocular reflex. Lastly, we will discuss hypertrophic olivary degeneration and oculopalatal tremor, which may develop weeks to months after a brainstem or cerebellar lesion. In these syndromes, the clinical ocular motor and vestibular examination is instrumental in localizing the lesion.
KW - Brainstem
KW - Lateral medullary stroke
KW - Medial longitudinal fasciculus
KW - Ocular motor
KW - Oculopalatal tremor
KW - Vestibular
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074544713&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85074544713&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000593
DO - 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000593
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31688322
AN - SCOPUS:85074544713
VL - 36
SP - 396
EP - 404
JO - Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology
JF - Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology
SN - 0736-0258
IS - 6
ER -