TY - CHAP
T1 - Nuclear morphometry, epigenetic changes, and clinical relevance in prostate cancer
AU - Veltri, Robert W.
AU - Christudass, Christhunesa S.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Nuclear structure alterations in cancer involve global genetic (mutations, amplifications, copy number variations, translocations, etc.) and epigenetic (DNA methylation and histone modifications) events that dramatically and dynamically spatially change chromatin, nuclear body, and chromosome organization. In prostate cancer (CaP) there appears to be early (<50 years) versus late (>60 years) onset clinically significant cancers, and we have yet to clearly understand the hereditary and somatic-based molecular pathways involved. We do know that once cancer is initiated, dedifferentiation of the prostate gland occurs with significant changes in nuclear structure driven by numerous genetic and epigenetic processes. This review focuses upon the nuclear architecture and epigenetic dynamics with potential translational clinically relevant applications to CaP. Further, the review correlates changes in the cancer-driven epigenetic process at the molecular level and correlates these alterations to nuclear morphological quantitative measurements. Finally, we address how we can best utilize this knowledge to improve the efficacy of personalized treatment of cancer.
AB - Nuclear structure alterations in cancer involve global genetic (mutations, amplifications, copy number variations, translocations, etc.) and epigenetic (DNA methylation and histone modifications) events that dramatically and dynamically spatially change chromatin, nuclear body, and chromosome organization. In prostate cancer (CaP) there appears to be early (<50 years) versus late (>60 years) onset clinically significant cancers, and we have yet to clearly understand the hereditary and somatic-based molecular pathways involved. We do know that once cancer is initiated, dedifferentiation of the prostate gland occurs with significant changes in nuclear structure driven by numerous genetic and epigenetic processes. This review focuses upon the nuclear architecture and epigenetic dynamics with potential translational clinically relevant applications to CaP. Further, the review correlates changes in the cancer-driven epigenetic process at the molecular level and correlates these alterations to nuclear morphological quantitative measurements. Finally, we address how we can best utilize this knowledge to improve the efficacy of personalized treatment of cancer.
KW - Epigenetics
KW - Nuclear morphology
KW - Nuclear roundness
KW - Prostate cancer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84934434358&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84934434358&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4899-8032-8_4
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4899-8032-8_4
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 24563344
AN - SCOPUS:84934434358
SN - 9781489980311
T3 - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
SP - 77
EP - 99
BT - Cancer Biology and the Nuclear Envelope
PB - Springer New York LLC
ER -