Abstract
A paradigm shift in the illicit drug market has occurred in the 21st century with a dramatic increase in the number of novel psychoactive drugs available. These novel drugs of abuse include: synthetic cannabinoids; synthetic cathinones; novel phenethylamines, piperazines, and tryptamines; and Salvia divinorum. This chapter provides an overview of these compounds, with emphasis on providing basic information on the history, pharmacology, epidemiology, and behavioral effects. Similarities and differences of substances in each category with regard to molecular structure and physiological, subjective, and behavioral effects are highlighted. We also present safety concerns associated with use of these drugs, and describe how attempts to regulate the legal status of novel drugs may promote an ever-growing number and variety of psychoactive drugs available for nonmedical use.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse Volume 3 |
Subtitle of host publication | General Processes and Mechanisms, Prescription Medications, Caffeine and Areca, Polydrug Misuse, Emerging Addictions and Non-Drug Addictions |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Pages | 893-902 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Volume | 3 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780128006771 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780128006344 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2016 |
Keywords
- Phenethylamines
- Piperazines
- Salvia divinorum
- Synthetic cannabinoids
- Synthetic cathinones
- Tryptamines
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine
- General Neuroscience