@article{a806033873cc4aa595fd91d38e112788,
title = "Normative beliefs and self-efficacy for nonviolence as moderators of peer, school, and parental risk factors for aggression in early adolescence",
abstract = "This study examined the direct effects of beliefs about aggression and nonviolence on physical aggression and their role as protective factors that buffer adolescents from key risk factors in the peer, school, and parenting domains. Multilevel analyses were conducted on data from 5,581 adolescents representing two cohorts from 37 schools in four communities collected at the beginning and end of the sixth grade and at the end of the following 2 school years. Individual norms for aggression at Wave 1 moderated relations of delinquent peer associations and parental support for fighting with physical aggression. Self-efficacy for nonviolence at Wave 1 moderated relations of school risk, delinquent peer associations and parental support for fighting with physical aggression. There was clearer evidence for protective effects for self-efficacy for nonviolence for girls than for boys.",
author = "Farrell, {Albert D.} and Henry, {David B.} and Schoeny, {Michael E.} and Amie Bettencourt and Tolan, {Patrick H.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC Cooperative Agreement 5U49CE0011296. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We are grateful to Jeff Hall from CDC for his valuable input during various stages of this project and to the members of the Multi-Site Violence Prevention Project for permission to use the data: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA: Thomas R. Simon, Robin M. Ikeda, Emilie Smith (Penn State University); Le{\textquoteright}Roy E. Reese (Morehouse School of Medicine); Duke University, Durham, NC: David L. Rabiner, Shari Miller (Research Triangle Institute), Donna-Marie Winn (University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill), Kenneth A. Dodge, Steven R. Asher; University of Georgia, Athens, GA: Arthur M. Horne, Pamela Orpinas, Roy Martin, William H. Quinn (Clemson University); University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL: Patrick H. Tolan, Deborah Gorman-Smith, David B. Henry, Franklin N. Gay, Michael Schoeny; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA: Albert D. Farrell, Aleta L. Meyer (National Institute on Drug Abuse); Terri N. Sullivan, Kevin W. Allison.",
year = "2010",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1080/15374416.2010.517167",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "39",
pages = "800--813",
journal = "Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology",
issn = "1537-4416",
publisher = "Routledge",
number = "6",
}