TY - JOUR
T1 - Nitric oxide stimulates Ca2+-independent synaptic vesicle release
AU - Meffert, Mollie K.
AU - Premack, Brett A.
AU - Schulman, Howard
N1 - Funding Information:
Correspondence should be addressed to H. S. This study was supported by an NIMH Silvio Conte Center for Neuroscience Research Grant (MH48108) to H. S. from the NIMH. M. K. M. was supported by an NIH Epilepsy Training Grant NS07280, and B. A. P. was supported by NIH training grant GM07065. The fluorometric studies were carried out in the laboratory of Dr. P. Gardner, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University. We thank T. Turner and J. Bergsman for technical assistance with [3H]L-glutamate release assays. We thank T. Ryan, S. Smith, and E. Schuman for helpful discussion.
PY - 1994/6
Y1 - 1994/6
N2 - A new fluorescence method using the dye FM1-43 was used to examine exocytotic release from hippocampal synaptosomes. Nitric oxide caused a marked transient stimulation of vesicle release. Several structurally unrelated nitric oxide donors, sodium nitroprusside, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, 3-morpholino-sydnonimine, and acidified sodium nitrite, were effective. Release stimulated by nitric oxide and KCI were comparable in time course, using both the fluorescence assay and [3H]l-glutamate to monitor neurotransmitter release. Activation of guanylyl cyclase was not responsible for nitric oxide-stimulated release. Unlike release stimulated by KCl or A23187, nitric oxide-stimulated release was found to be independent of a rise in intrasynaptosomal Ca2+. Indo-1/AM measurements indicated that nitric oxide actually decreased intracellular Ca2+, and the Ca2+ channel blocker Cd2+ did not affect nitric oxide-stimulated vesicle release. Nitric oxide does, however, appear to act on the Ca2+-sensitive pool of vesicles. Nitric oxide may be the first physiological mediator that induces vesicle exocytosis without raising Ca2+ and may provide an interesting new tool for the study of molecules involved in vesicle exocytosis.
AB - A new fluorescence method using the dye FM1-43 was used to examine exocytotic release from hippocampal synaptosomes. Nitric oxide caused a marked transient stimulation of vesicle release. Several structurally unrelated nitric oxide donors, sodium nitroprusside, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, 3-morpholino-sydnonimine, and acidified sodium nitrite, were effective. Release stimulated by nitric oxide and KCI were comparable in time course, using both the fluorescence assay and [3H]l-glutamate to monitor neurotransmitter release. Activation of guanylyl cyclase was not responsible for nitric oxide-stimulated release. Unlike release stimulated by KCl or A23187, nitric oxide-stimulated release was found to be independent of a rise in intrasynaptosomal Ca2+. Indo-1/AM measurements indicated that nitric oxide actually decreased intracellular Ca2+, and the Ca2+ channel blocker Cd2+ did not affect nitric oxide-stimulated vesicle release. Nitric oxide does, however, appear to act on the Ca2+-sensitive pool of vesicles. Nitric oxide may be the first physiological mediator that induces vesicle exocytosis without raising Ca2+ and may provide an interesting new tool for the study of molecules involved in vesicle exocytosis.
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U2 - 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90440-5
DO - 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90440-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 7912090
AN - SCOPUS:0028229610
SN - 0896-6273
VL - 12
SP - 1235
EP - 1244
JO - Neuron
JF - Neuron
IS - 6
ER -