TY - JOUR
T1 - Nicotine delivery systems
AU - Shiffman, Saul
AU - Fant, Reginald V.
AU - Buchhalter, August R.
AU - Gitchell, Joseph G.
AU - Henningfield, Jack E.
PY - 2005/5
Y1 - 2005/5
N2 - Over the past 20 years, medicinal nicotine has been used to aid smoking cessation, and has led to a significant increase in the number of smokers who successfully quit. This review describes currently available medicinal nicotine products, which include nicotine patch, gum, lozenge, nasal spray, inhaler and sublingual tablet, including their pharmacokinetics and recommended dosing. New developments in nicotine delivery that could further increase cessation rates include high-dose patches, rapid release gum, combined patch and acute forms, and several novel channels for nicotine delivery, such as nicotine drink, straw, lollipop and a pulmonary inhaler. New applications of existing and novel medicinal nicotine products may include relapse prevention, nicotine maintenance, temporary withdrawal management, reduced smoking and gradual quitting.
AB - Over the past 20 years, medicinal nicotine has been used to aid smoking cessation, and has led to a significant increase in the number of smokers who successfully quit. This review describes currently available medicinal nicotine products, which include nicotine patch, gum, lozenge, nasal spray, inhaler and sublingual tablet, including their pharmacokinetics and recommended dosing. New developments in nicotine delivery that could further increase cessation rates include high-dose patches, rapid release gum, combined patch and acute forms, and several novel channels for nicotine delivery, such as nicotine drink, straw, lollipop and a pulmonary inhaler. New applications of existing and novel medicinal nicotine products may include relapse prevention, nicotine maintenance, temporary withdrawal management, reduced smoking and gradual quitting.
KW - Gum
KW - Inhaler
KW - Lozenge
KW - Nasal spray
KW - Nicotine
KW - Patch
KW - Tablet
KW - Tobacco
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=28044470521&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=28044470521&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1517/17425247.2.3.563
DO - 10.1517/17425247.2.3.563
M3 - Article
C2 - 16296775
AN - SCOPUS:28044470521
SN - 1742-5247
VL - 2
SP - 563
EP - 577
JO - Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
JF - Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
IS - 3
ER -