TY - JOUR
T1 - Nicotine delivery and pharmacologic response from Verve, an oral nicotine delivery product
AU - Koszowski, Bartosz
AU - Viray, Lauren C.
AU - Stanfill, Stephen B.
AU - Lisko, Joseph G.
AU - Rosenberry, Zach R.
AU - Potts, Jennifer L.
AU - Pickworth, Wallace B.
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Lacy Fabian and Natalia Ceaicovscaia for the proof reading and editorial assistance. Funding for this study was provided by Battelle Internal resources.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2015/7/6
Y1 - 2015/7/6
N2 - Abstract Verve, an oral nicotine delivery product (ONDP), was introduced by Nu Mark (Altria Client Group, Richmond VA) for smokers to use in places where smoking is prohibited. This study assessed the effect of this ONDP on plasma nicotine levels, heart rate, product satisfaction, and ability to suppress smoking urge and cigarette cravings. Thirteen daily cigarette smokers [8 men and 5 women; average age 33.4 years] attended two laboratory sessions, one occurred after overnight tobacco abstinence. Plasma samples were collected before and after ONDP use and measured for nicotine. In non-abstinent smokers, mean plasma nicotine levels increased from 18.3 to 21.0 ng/mL. In abstinent smokers, average nicotine levels increased from 3.1 to 4.5 ng/mL. After overnight tobacco abstinence, ONDP use significantly (p < 0.01) increased heart rate from 69 beats per minute (bpm) to 75 bpm; while urge to smoke decreased significantly (p < 0.01) from a score of 8.6 to 4.9. Participants indicated moderate product satisfaction that was not changed by tobacco abstinence. Analysis of unused ONDP revealed total nicotine levels of 1.68 ± 0.09 mg/disc. Spent ONDP discs were also analyzed to determine % nicotine liberated during chewing; results were 80% in the non-abstinent and 82% in the abstinent conditions (ns). Our study results indicate that ONDP use can increase plasma nicotine levels and heart rate and reduce cigarette cravings in abstinent smokers.
AB - Abstract Verve, an oral nicotine delivery product (ONDP), was introduced by Nu Mark (Altria Client Group, Richmond VA) for smokers to use in places where smoking is prohibited. This study assessed the effect of this ONDP on plasma nicotine levels, heart rate, product satisfaction, and ability to suppress smoking urge and cigarette cravings. Thirteen daily cigarette smokers [8 men and 5 women; average age 33.4 years] attended two laboratory sessions, one occurred after overnight tobacco abstinence. Plasma samples were collected before and after ONDP use and measured for nicotine. In non-abstinent smokers, mean plasma nicotine levels increased from 18.3 to 21.0 ng/mL. In abstinent smokers, average nicotine levels increased from 3.1 to 4.5 ng/mL. After overnight tobacco abstinence, ONDP use significantly (p < 0.01) increased heart rate from 69 beats per minute (bpm) to 75 bpm; while urge to smoke decreased significantly (p < 0.01) from a score of 8.6 to 4.9. Participants indicated moderate product satisfaction that was not changed by tobacco abstinence. Analysis of unused ONDP revealed total nicotine levels of 1.68 ± 0.09 mg/disc. Spent ONDP discs were also analyzed to determine % nicotine liberated during chewing; results were 80% in the non-abstinent and 82% in the abstinent conditions (ns). Our study results indicate that ONDP use can increase plasma nicotine levels and heart rate and reduce cigarette cravings in abstinent smokers.
KW - Nicotine pharmacokinetics
KW - Oral nicotine delivery product (ONDP)
KW - Tobacco
KW - Verve
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U2 - 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.06.010
DO - 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.06.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 26096037
AN - SCOPUS:84934767948
VL - 136
SP - 1
EP - 6
JO - Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior
JF - Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior
SN - 0091-3057
M1 - 72221
ER -