Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Uveitis

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare disease marked by CNS demyelination with a predilection for the optic nerve and spinal cord often resulting in severe vision loss. We aimed to characterize uveitis occurring in the setting of NMOSD. Methods: Retrospective chart review Results: Of 572 NMOSD patients, 1% were found to have uveitis with a relative risk of 6.2 (95% confidence interval 3–14, p < .001) compared to the general population. The mean age of uveitis onset was 50 years, and that of NMOSD onset was 52 years. Bilateral anterior uveitis was the most common subtype and most patients were treated with rituximab for their NMOSD. A uveitis attack preceded onset of demyelination attacks in 67% of patients. Eyes without optic neuritis had a mean visual acuity at last follow-up of 20/22. Conclusion: Uveitis is a rare complication of NMOSD, bilateral anterior uveitis was the most common subtype.