Abstract
Background: Micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to reduced oral vaccine immunogenicity in developing countries. We hypothesised that neonatal vitamin A supplementation (NVAS) would improve oral vaccine responses. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of infants recruited at birth to the Zimbabwe Vitamin A for Mothers and Babies (ZVITAMBO) trial, a randomised controlled trial of single, high-dose NVAS vs placebo conducted in Zimbabwe between 1997-2001. We measured poliovirus-specific IgA to type 1-3 polio strains by semiquantitative capture ELISA in cryopreserved plasma samples collected at 6 months of age. Results: A total of 181 infants fulfilled inclusion criteria, of whom 80 were randomised to NVAS and 101 to placebo. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups. At 6 months of age, median (IQR) vaccine titres for infants randomised to NVAS vs placebo were 932 (421-3001) vs 1774 (711-5431) for Sabin-1 (p=0.04); 1361 (705-3402) vs 2309 (1081-4283) for Sabin-2 (p=0.15); and 1584 (796-4216) vs 2260 (996-5723) for Sabin-3 (p=0.14), respectively. After adjusting for breast feeding status, birth weight, season and infant sex in a linear regression model, there was only weak evidence of difference in log mean titres between vitamin A and placebo groups for Sabin-1 (p=0.08) and no evidence of difference in log mean titres for Sabin-2 and Sabin-3. Conclusions: NVAS did not augment oral polio vaccine responses in Zimbabwean infants. Further research is required to understand the impact of NVAS on responses to other oral vaccines.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 110-115 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
| Volume | 113 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 1 2019 |
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Keywords
- Africa
- Infants
- OPV
- Oral vaccine
- Poliovirus
- Vitamin A.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Parasitology
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Infectious Diseases
Cite this
Neonatal Vitamin A supplementation and immune responses to oral polio vaccine in Zimbabwean infants. / Church, James A.; Rukobo, Sandra; Govha, Margaret; Carmolli, Marya P.; Diehl, Sean A.; Chasekwa, Bernard; Ntozini, Robert; Mutasa, Kuda; Humphrey, Jean Hawes; Kirkpatrick, Beth D.; Prendergast, Andrew J.
In: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 113, No. 3, 01.03.2019, p. 110-115.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Neonatal Vitamin A supplementation and immune responses to oral polio vaccine in Zimbabwean infants
AU - Church, James A.
AU - Rukobo, Sandra
AU - Govha, Margaret
AU - Carmolli, Marya P.
AU - Diehl, Sean A.
AU - Chasekwa, Bernard
AU - Ntozini, Robert
AU - Mutasa, Kuda
AU - Humphrey, Jean Hawes
AU - Kirkpatrick, Beth D.
AU - Prendergast, Andrew J.
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Background: Micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to reduced oral vaccine immunogenicity in developing countries. We hypothesised that neonatal vitamin A supplementation (NVAS) would improve oral vaccine responses. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of infants recruited at birth to the Zimbabwe Vitamin A for Mothers and Babies (ZVITAMBO) trial, a randomised controlled trial of single, high-dose NVAS vs placebo conducted in Zimbabwe between 1997-2001. We measured poliovirus-specific IgA to type 1-3 polio strains by semiquantitative capture ELISA in cryopreserved plasma samples collected at 6 months of age. Results: A total of 181 infants fulfilled inclusion criteria, of whom 80 were randomised to NVAS and 101 to placebo. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups. At 6 months of age, median (IQR) vaccine titres for infants randomised to NVAS vs placebo were 932 (421-3001) vs 1774 (711-5431) for Sabin-1 (p=0.04); 1361 (705-3402) vs 2309 (1081-4283) for Sabin-2 (p=0.15); and 1584 (796-4216) vs 2260 (996-5723) for Sabin-3 (p=0.14), respectively. After adjusting for breast feeding status, birth weight, season and infant sex in a linear regression model, there was only weak evidence of difference in log mean titres between vitamin A and placebo groups for Sabin-1 (p=0.08) and no evidence of difference in log mean titres for Sabin-2 and Sabin-3. Conclusions: NVAS did not augment oral polio vaccine responses in Zimbabwean infants. Further research is required to understand the impact of NVAS on responses to other oral vaccines.
AB - Background: Micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to reduced oral vaccine immunogenicity in developing countries. We hypothesised that neonatal vitamin A supplementation (NVAS) would improve oral vaccine responses. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of infants recruited at birth to the Zimbabwe Vitamin A for Mothers and Babies (ZVITAMBO) trial, a randomised controlled trial of single, high-dose NVAS vs placebo conducted in Zimbabwe between 1997-2001. We measured poliovirus-specific IgA to type 1-3 polio strains by semiquantitative capture ELISA in cryopreserved plasma samples collected at 6 months of age. Results: A total of 181 infants fulfilled inclusion criteria, of whom 80 were randomised to NVAS and 101 to placebo. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups. At 6 months of age, median (IQR) vaccine titres for infants randomised to NVAS vs placebo were 932 (421-3001) vs 1774 (711-5431) for Sabin-1 (p=0.04); 1361 (705-3402) vs 2309 (1081-4283) for Sabin-2 (p=0.15); and 1584 (796-4216) vs 2260 (996-5723) for Sabin-3 (p=0.14), respectively. After adjusting for breast feeding status, birth weight, season and infant sex in a linear regression model, there was only weak evidence of difference in log mean titres between vitamin A and placebo groups for Sabin-1 (p=0.08) and no evidence of difference in log mean titres for Sabin-2 and Sabin-3. Conclusions: NVAS did not augment oral polio vaccine responses in Zimbabwean infants. Further research is required to understand the impact of NVAS on responses to other oral vaccines.
KW - Africa
KW - Infants
KW - OPV
KW - Oral vaccine
KW - Poliovirus
KW - Vitamin A.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062542499&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85062542499&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/trstmh/try126
DO - 10.1093/trstmh/try126
M3 - Article
VL - 113
SP - 110
EP - 115
JO - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
JF - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
SN - 0035-9203
IS - 3
ER -