TY - JOUR
T1 - Municipal reclaimed water for multi-purpose applications in the power sector
T2 - A review
AU - Cherchi, Carla
AU - Kesaano, Maureen
AU - Badruzzaman, Mohammad
AU - Schwab, Kellogg
AU - Jacangelo, Joseph G.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Water Environment and Reuse Foundation ( WE&RF ) and the Florida Power and Light (FPL) for financial, technical, and administrative support. We are particularly indebted to Kristan Cwalina in her role as the Foundation Project Officer and to the Project Advisory Committee of this project. The comments and views detailed herein may not necessarily reflect the views of the WE&RF and the FPL, its officers, directors, employees, affiliates or agents. The authors would also like to thank the following individuals for their thoughtful contributions: Robert Lotts and Jeffrey Brown with Palo Verde Nuclear Generation Station, Erin Westberg and Susan Mazur with FPL West County Plant, and Don Zylstra with West Basin Municipal Water District. Appendix A
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/4/15
Y1 - 2019/4/15
N2 - Wastewater and power utilities in the United States have an enormous opportunity to collaborate on the mutually beneficial uses of reclaimed water. Despite close proximity to wastewater facilities, only a limited number of power plants are currently using municipal reclaimed water for cooling tower and boiler applications. Through a review of the literature, this document aims at creating a more perspicuous understanding of the reuse of reclaimed water for power plant applications, particularly as pertains to those associated with cooling towers and boilers, by highlighting the drivers of current implementation, regulatory issues and treatment goals, and available treatment technologies. Through an in-depth analysis of case studies, the review also highlights key examples of reclaimed water reuse projects at power utilities together with the related benefits and challenges.
AB - Wastewater and power utilities in the United States have an enormous opportunity to collaborate on the mutually beneficial uses of reclaimed water. Despite close proximity to wastewater facilities, only a limited number of power plants are currently using municipal reclaimed water for cooling tower and boiler applications. Through a review of the literature, this document aims at creating a more perspicuous understanding of the reuse of reclaimed water for power plant applications, particularly as pertains to those associated with cooling towers and boilers, by highlighting the drivers of current implementation, regulatory issues and treatment goals, and available treatment technologies. Through an in-depth analysis of case studies, the review also highlights key examples of reclaimed water reuse projects at power utilities together with the related benefits and challenges.
KW - Boilers
KW - Cooling towers
KW - Electric utilities
KW - Reclaimed water
KW - Reclaimed water treatment
KW - Water reuse
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.102
DO - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.102
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30771675
AN - SCOPUS:85061647717
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 236
SP - 561
EP - 570
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
ER -