TY - JOUR
T1 - Multiple human papillomavirus infections and type competition in men
AU - Rositch, Anne F.
AU - Poole, Charles
AU - Hudgens, Michael G.
AU - Agot, Kawango
AU - Nyagaya, Edith
AU - Moses, Stephen
AU - Snijders, Peter J.F.
AU - Meijer, Chris J.L.M.
AU - Bailey, Robert C.
AU - Smith, Jennifer S.
N1 - Funding Information:
was supported by an NIH predoctoral training grant in infectious disease epidemiology (principal investigator Meshnick, grant T32 AI070114). S. M. was the recipient of a CIHR Investigator award.
Funding Information:
Potential conflicts of interest. C. P. receives partial salary support from the UNC-GSK Center of Excellence in Pharmacoepidemiology and has received honoraria for talks at GlaxoSmithKline. J. S. S. has received consultancy or research grants from GlaxoSmithKline and Merck Corporation over the past 5 years. All other authors report no potential conflicts.
Funding Information:
Financial support. This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH; grant R01 CA114773-04). The randomized controlled trial was supported by the Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH (grant AI50440), and by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR; grant HCT 44180). A. F. R.
PY - 2012/1/1
Y1 - 2012/1/1
N2 - Background. There is little information on multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the potential for type competition in men, yet competition may impact the type-specific efficacy of HPV vaccination. Methods. Among 2702 uncircumcised men in Kisumu, Kenya, who were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus, the observed numbers of HPV types detected were compared with the expected number, which was simulated under the assumption of independent infections. To assess the potential for HPV type competition, adjusted odds ratios for pairwise combinations of prevalent HPV type infections were estimated using semi-Bayesian methods. Results. Half of all men were HPV positive, of whom 57% had multiple HPV types. We observed men without HPV infection and with ≥4 HPV types more often than expected if infections were independent. No negative associations between individual HPV types were observed. HPV types 31, 39, 56, 58, and 59 were positively associated with both carcinogenic vaccine types HPV-16 and HPV-18 (2-sided P value <.05). Conclusions. Men who were HPV infected were likely to test positive for >1 HPV type. Cross-sectional associations between individual HPV types were positive and did not appear to be type-specific. Thus, we did not identify HPV types that are candidates for potential HPV type competition in men.
AB - Background. There is little information on multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the potential for type competition in men, yet competition may impact the type-specific efficacy of HPV vaccination. Methods. Among 2702 uncircumcised men in Kisumu, Kenya, who were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus, the observed numbers of HPV types detected were compared with the expected number, which was simulated under the assumption of independent infections. To assess the potential for HPV type competition, adjusted odds ratios for pairwise combinations of prevalent HPV type infections were estimated using semi-Bayesian methods. Results. Half of all men were HPV positive, of whom 57% had multiple HPV types. We observed men without HPV infection and with ≥4 HPV types more often than expected if infections were independent. No negative associations between individual HPV types were observed. HPV types 31, 39, 56, 58, and 59 were positively associated with both carcinogenic vaccine types HPV-16 and HPV-18 (2-sided P value <.05). Conclusions. Men who were HPV infected were likely to test positive for >1 HPV type. Cross-sectional associations between individual HPV types were positive and did not appear to be type-specific. Thus, we did not identify HPV types that are candidates for potential HPV type competition in men.
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U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jir709
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jir709
M3 - Article
C2 - 22058418
AN - SCOPUS:84555187482
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 205
SP - 72
EP - 81
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 1
ER -