TY - JOUR
T1 - Mucus-penetrating nanoparticles for drug and gene delivery to mucosal tissues
AU - Lai, Samuel K.
AU - Wang, Ying Ying
AU - Hanes, Justin
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded in part by the NIH (R01EB003558, R21HL089816, and R21EB008515), the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (HANES08G0) and fellowships from the NSF (Y.-Y.W.) and the Croucher Foundation (S.K.L.).
PY - 2009/2/27
Y1 - 2009/2/27
N2 - Mucus is a viscoelastic and adhesive gel that protects the lung airways, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, vagina, eye and other mucosal surfaces. Most foreign particulates, including conventional particle-based drug delivery systems, are efficiently trapped in human mucus layers by steric obstruction and/or adhesion. Trapped particles are typically removed from the mucosal tissue within seconds to a few hours depending on anatomical location, thereby strongly limiting the duration of sustained drug delivery locally. A number of debilitating diseases could be treated more effectively and with fewer side effects if drugs and genes could be more efficiently delivered to the underlying mucosal tissues in a controlled manner. This review first describes the tenacious mucus barrier properties that have precluded the efficient penetration of therapeutic particles. It then reviews the design and development of new mucus-penetrating particles that may avoid rapid mucus clearance mechanisms, and thereby provide targeted or sustained drug delivery for localized therapies in mucosal tissues.
AB - Mucus is a viscoelastic and adhesive gel that protects the lung airways, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, vagina, eye and other mucosal surfaces. Most foreign particulates, including conventional particle-based drug delivery systems, are efficiently trapped in human mucus layers by steric obstruction and/or adhesion. Trapped particles are typically removed from the mucosal tissue within seconds to a few hours depending on anatomical location, thereby strongly limiting the duration of sustained drug delivery locally. A number of debilitating diseases could be treated more effectively and with fewer side effects if drugs and genes could be more efficiently delivered to the underlying mucosal tissues in a controlled manner. This review first describes the tenacious mucus barrier properties that have precluded the efficient penetration of therapeutic particles. It then reviews the design and development of new mucus-penetrating particles that may avoid rapid mucus clearance mechanisms, and thereby provide targeted or sustained drug delivery for localized therapies in mucosal tissues.
KW - Mucus
KW - Mucus barrier properties
KW - Mucus-penetrating particles
KW - Therapeutic particles
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=60149111908&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=60149111908&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.addr.2008.11.002
DO - 10.1016/j.addr.2008.11.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19133304
AN - SCOPUS:60149111908
SN - 0169-409X
VL - 61
SP - 158
EP - 171
JO - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
JF - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
IS - 2
ER -