Abstract
The global HIV pandemic is heterogenous and dynamic, and comprised of many subepidemics in different geographic locations and populations, each with distinctive features such as risk factors for transmission, clinical presentation of disease, and viral subtypes in circulation. The genetic sequencing of HIV isolates has identified 2 major groups of HIV-1 designated group M (main) and group O (outlier). 10 different subtypes have been documented within the M group, subtypes A through J, comprising more than 95% of all HIV infections worldwide. Group O viruses have not been subtyped and are of limited distribution, found mainly in west Africa and with sporadic reports in Europe and the US. HIV-1 group M viruses have been the most intensely studied due to their global prevalence, with the best characterized subtype being subtype B, the predominant subtype in Europe and North America. The capacity of HIV subtypes to recombine allows rapid and marked genetic change. The greatest genetic variation in HIV-1 has been detected in central Africa, the area with the greatest density and duration of infection. Subtype C has the greatest frequency of any subtype globally, with epidemics in South Africa, East Africa, and India. The diverse molecular variation in the HIV genome among viral subtypes presents an obstacle to the development of an effective vaccine. The need to explore the development of both envelope-based and multi-gene-based vaccines is noted.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2 |
| Number of pages | 1 |
| Journal | International Journal of STD and AIDS |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | SUPPL. 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 1998 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Dermatology
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Microbiology (medical)
- Immunology
Cite this
Molecular variants of HIV-1 and their impact on vaccine development. / Quinn, Thomas C.
In: International Journal of STD and AIDS, Vol. 9, No. SUPPL. 1, 1998, p. 2.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular variants of HIV-1 and their impact on vaccine development
AU - Quinn, Thomas C
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - The global HIV pandemic is heterogenous and dynamic, and comprised of many subepidemics in different geographic locations and populations, each with distinctive features such as risk factors for transmission, clinical presentation of disease, and viral subtypes in circulation. The genetic sequencing of HIV isolates has identified 2 major groups of HIV-1 designated group M (main) and group O (outlier). 10 different subtypes have been documented within the M group, subtypes A through J, comprising more than 95% of all HIV infections worldwide. Group O viruses have not been subtyped and are of limited distribution, found mainly in west Africa and with sporadic reports in Europe and the US. HIV-1 group M viruses have been the most intensely studied due to their global prevalence, with the best characterized subtype being subtype B, the predominant subtype in Europe and North America. The capacity of HIV subtypes to recombine allows rapid and marked genetic change. The greatest genetic variation in HIV-1 has been detected in central Africa, the area with the greatest density and duration of infection. Subtype C has the greatest frequency of any subtype globally, with epidemics in South Africa, East Africa, and India. The diverse molecular variation in the HIV genome among viral subtypes presents an obstacle to the development of an effective vaccine. The need to explore the development of both envelope-based and multi-gene-based vaccines is noted.
AB - The global HIV pandemic is heterogenous and dynamic, and comprised of many subepidemics in different geographic locations and populations, each with distinctive features such as risk factors for transmission, clinical presentation of disease, and viral subtypes in circulation. The genetic sequencing of HIV isolates has identified 2 major groups of HIV-1 designated group M (main) and group O (outlier). 10 different subtypes have been documented within the M group, subtypes A through J, comprising more than 95% of all HIV infections worldwide. Group O viruses have not been subtyped and are of limited distribution, found mainly in west Africa and with sporadic reports in Europe and the US. HIV-1 group M viruses have been the most intensely studied due to their global prevalence, with the best characterized subtype being subtype B, the predominant subtype in Europe and North America. The capacity of HIV subtypes to recombine allows rapid and marked genetic change. The greatest genetic variation in HIV-1 has been detected in central Africa, the area with the greatest density and duration of infection. Subtype C has the greatest frequency of any subtype globally, with epidemics in South Africa, East Africa, and India. The diverse molecular variation in the HIV genome among viral subtypes presents an obstacle to the development of an effective vaccine. The need to explore the development of both envelope-based and multi-gene-based vaccines is noted.
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U2 - 10.1258/0956462981921567
DO - 10.1258/0956462981921567
M3 - Article
C2 - 9874106
AN - SCOPUS:0031774132
VL - 9
SP - 2
JO - International Journal of STD and AIDS
JF - International Journal of STD and AIDS
SN - 0956-4624
IS - SUPPL. 1
ER -