TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular cloning of pituitary glycoprotein α-subunit and follicle stimulating hormone and chorionic gonadotropin β-subunits from New World squirrel monkey and owl monkey
AU - Scammell, Jonathan G.
AU - Funkhouser, Jane D.
AU - Moyer, Felricia S.
AU - Gibson, Susan V.
AU - Willis, Donna L.
N1 - Funding Information:
Total RNA was isolated with RNA Stat-60 (Tel-Test “B”, Friendswood, TX) from pituitary glands from female Bolivian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis, animal numbers 90802, 1331, and 90795) and from a male (85277) and a female (87001) owl monkey (Aotus nancymaae). Tissues were obtained at necropsy from the Tissue and Biological Fluids Resource of the Center for Neotropical Primate Research and Resources (CNPRR) at the University of South Alabama, supported by Grants RR-01254 and RR-20052 (to C.R. Abee) from the National Institutes of Health. Squirrel monkey 1331 was colony born and 19 years of age, whereas squirrel monkeys 90802 and 90795 were wild-caught, but had been at the CNPRR for more than 16 years. Owl monkeys were wild-caught and had been at the CNPRR since at least 2003. Owl monkey 85277 was at least 16 years of age, whereas monkey 87001 was at least five-years-old. Prior to necropsy, squirrel monkeys were housed indoors in laboratory breeding groups and exposed to a natural light/dark cycle that tracked local sunrise and sunset. Owl monkeys were also housed indoors in breeding pairs, but were exposed to an offset light/dark cycle (light 3 a.m. to 3 p.m.; dark 3 p.m. to 3 a.m.).
Funding Information:
This publication was made possible by Grant Number 13200 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NCRR or NIH. We are grateful to Drs. G.R. Bousfield (Wichita State University), J.A. Dias (Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York), M. Goodman (Wayne State University School of Medicine), and T.G. Golos (Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI) for helpful comments.
PY - 2008/2/1
Y1 - 2008/2/1
N2 - The goal of this study was to characterize the gonadotropins expressed in pituitary glands of the New World squirrel monkey (Saimiri sp.) and owl monkey (Aotus sp.). The various subunits were amplified from total RNA from squirrel monkey and owl monkey pituitary glands by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the deduced amino acid sequences compared to those of other species. Mature squirrel monkey and owl monkey glycoprotein hormone α-polypeptides (96 amino acids in length) were determined to be 80% homologous to the human sequence. The sequences of mature β subunits of follicle stimulating hormone (FSHβ) from squirrel monkey and owl monkey (111 amino acids in length) are 92% homologous to human FSHβ. New World primate glycoprotein hormone α-polypeptides and FSHβ subunits showed conservation of all cysteine residues and consensus N-linked glycosylation sites. Attempts to amplify the β-subunit of luteinizing hormone from squirrel monkey and owl monkey pituitary glands were unsuccessful. Rather, the β-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) was amplified from pituitaries of both New World primates. Squirrel monkey and owl monkey CGβ are 143 and 144 amino acids in length and 77% homologous with human CGβ. The greatest divergence is in the C terminus, where all four sites for O-linked glycosylation in human CGβ, responsible for delayed metabolic clearance, are predicted to be absent in New World primate CGβs. It is likely that CG secreted from pituitary of New World primates exhibits a relatively short half-life compared to human CG.
AB - The goal of this study was to characterize the gonadotropins expressed in pituitary glands of the New World squirrel monkey (Saimiri sp.) and owl monkey (Aotus sp.). The various subunits were amplified from total RNA from squirrel monkey and owl monkey pituitary glands by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the deduced amino acid sequences compared to those of other species. Mature squirrel monkey and owl monkey glycoprotein hormone α-polypeptides (96 amino acids in length) were determined to be 80% homologous to the human sequence. The sequences of mature β subunits of follicle stimulating hormone (FSHβ) from squirrel monkey and owl monkey (111 amino acids in length) are 92% homologous to human FSHβ. New World primate glycoprotein hormone α-polypeptides and FSHβ subunits showed conservation of all cysteine residues and consensus N-linked glycosylation sites. Attempts to amplify the β-subunit of luteinizing hormone from squirrel monkey and owl monkey pituitary glands were unsuccessful. Rather, the β-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) was amplified from pituitaries of both New World primates. Squirrel monkey and owl monkey CGβ are 143 and 144 amino acids in length and 77% homologous with human CGβ. The greatest divergence is in the C terminus, where all four sites for O-linked glycosylation in human CGβ, responsible for delayed metabolic clearance, are predicted to be absent in New World primate CGβs. It is likely that CG secreted from pituitary of New World primates exhibits a relatively short half-life compared to human CG.
KW - N-linked glycosylation
KW - O-linked glycosylation
KW - Phylogenetic analysis
KW - Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.08.004
DO - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.08.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 17897645
AN - SCOPUS:38849163585
SN - 0016-6480
VL - 155
SP - 534
EP - 541
JO - General and Comparative Endocrinology
JF - General and Comparative Endocrinology
IS - 3
ER -