MOG-IgG1 and co-existence of neuronal autoantibodies

Amy Kunchok, Eoin P. Flanagan, Karl N. Krecke, John J. Chen, J. Alfredo Caceres, Justin Dominick, Ian Ferguson, Revere Kinkel, John C. Probasco, Miguel Ruvalcaba, Jonathan D. Santoro, Kurt Sieloff, Jeremy Timothy, Brian G. Weinshenker, Andrew McKeon, Sean J. Pittock

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: The presence of co-existent neuronal antibodies (neuronal-IgG) in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG1) is not yet well understood. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the co-existence of a broad range of neuronal-IgG in MOG-IgG1+ patients. Methods: MOG-IgG1+ patients were tested for 17 neuronal-IgGs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum including NMDA-R-IgG, AMPA-R-IgG, GABAB-R-IgG, LGI1-IgG, CASPR2-IgG, GABAA-R-IgG, GAD65-IgG, mGLUR1-IgG, DPPX-IgG, CRMP5-IgG, amphiphysin-IgG, PCA1,2,Tr, and ANNA1,2,3. Clinical and radiological features of MOG-IgG1+ with NMDA-R-IgG in CSF were compared to a control cohort of MOG-IgG1+ patients without NMDA-R-IgG. Results: A total of 376 MOG-IgG1+ patients underwent testing for neuronal-IgGs. Serum testing for neuronal-IgGs (113 adults, 142 children) identified one child with NMDA-R-IgG (0.7%), one child with CASPR2-IgG (0.7%), one adult with LGI1-IgG (0.9%) and one adult with GABAA-R-IgG (0.9%). CSF testing for neuronal-IgGs (97 adults, 169 children) identified seven children (4%) and seven adults (7%) with NMDA-R-IgG, and one adult with GABAA-R-IgG (1%). The MOG-IgG1+/NMDA-R-IgG+ patients had a median age of 17 (range: 2–39) years. Features associated with MOG-IgG1+/NMDA-R-IgG+ included encephalopathy (p = 0.001), seizures (p = 0.045), and leptomeningeal enhancement (p = 0.045). Conclusion: NMDA-R-IgG was the most frequently detected neuronal-IgG to co-exist with MOG-IgG1. MOG-IgG1+/NMDA-R-IgG+ patients most often presented with encephalopathy and seizures. Testing for MOG-IgG1 and NMDA-R-IgG may be warranted in patients with encephalopathy and inflammatory demyelinating syndromes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1175-1186
Number of pages12
JournalMultiple Sclerosis Journal
Volume27
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2021

Keywords

  • MOG-IgG1
  • NMDA-R-IgG
  • autoimmune encephalitis
  • biomarkers
  • demyelination
  • neuronal antibodies

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neurology

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