Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission in extended family, Saudi Arabia, 2014

M. Allison Arwady; Basem Alraddadi; Colin Basler; Esam I. Azhar; Eltayb Abuelzein; Abdulfattah I. Sindy; Bakr M. Bin Sadiq; Abdulhakeem O. Althaqafi; Omaima Shabouni; Ayman Banjar; Lia M. Haynes; Susan I. Gerber; Daniel R. Feikin; Tariq A. Madani

doi:10.3201/eid2208.152015

Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission in extended family, Saudi Arabia, 2014

M. Allison Arwady, Basem Alraddadi, Colin Basler, Esam I. Azhar, Eltayb Abuelzein, Abdulfattah I. Sindy, Bakr M. Bin Sadiq, Abdulhakeem O. Althaqafi, Omaima Shabouni, Ayman Banjar, Lia M. Haynes, Susan I. Gerber, Daniel R. Feikin, Tariq A. Madani

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

Risk factors for human-to-human transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are largely unknown. After MERS-CoV infections occurred in an extended family in Saudi Arabia in 2014, relatives were tested by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) and serologic methods. Among 79 relatives, 19 (24%) were MERS-CoV positive; 11 were hospitalized, and 2 died. Eleven (58%) tested positive by rRT-PCR; 8 (42%) tested negative by rRT-PCR but positive by serology. Compared with MERS-CoV-negative adult relatives, MERS-CoV-positive adult relatives were older and more likely to be male and to have chronic medical conditions. Risk factors for household transmission included sleeping in an index patient’s room and touching respiratory secretions from an index patient. Casual contact and simple proximity were not associated with transmission. Serology was more sensitive than standard rRT-PCR for identifying infected relatives, highlighting the value of including serology in future investigations.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1395-1402
Number of pages	8
Journal	Emerging infectious diseases
Volume	22
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2208.152015
State	Published - Aug 2016
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology
Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases

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Arwady, M. A., Alraddadi, B., Basler, C., Azhar, E. I., Abuelzein, E., Sindy, A. I., Bin Sadiq, B. M., Althaqafi, A. O., Shabouni, O., Banjar, A., Haynes, L. M., Gerber, S. I., Feikin, D. R., & Madani, T. A. (2016). Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission in extended family, Saudi Arabia, 2014. Emerging infectious diseases, 22(8), 1395-1402. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2208.152015

Arwady, MA, Alraddadi, B, Basler, C, Azhar, EI, Abuelzein, E, Sindy, AI, Bin Sadiq, BM, Althaqafi, AO, Shabouni, O, Banjar, A, Haynes, LM, Gerber, SI, Feikin, DR & Madani, TA 2016, 'Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission in extended family, Saudi Arabia, 2014', Emerging infectious diseases, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 1395-1402. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2208.152015

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abstract = "Risk factors for human-to-human transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are largely unknown. After MERS-CoV infections occurred in an extended family in Saudi Arabia in 2014, relatives were tested by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) and serologic methods. Among 79 relatives, 19 (24%) were MERS-CoV positive; 11 were hospitalized, and 2 died. Eleven (58%) tested positive by rRT-PCR; 8 (42%) tested negative by rRT-PCR but positive by serology. Compared with MERS-CoV-negative adult relatives, MERS-CoV-positive adult relatives were older and more likely to be male and to have chronic medical conditions. Risk factors for household transmission included sleeping in an index patient{\textquoteright}s room and touching respiratory secretions from an index patient. Casual contact and simple proximity were not associated with transmission. Serology was more sensitive than standard rRT-PCR for identifying infected relatives, highlighting the value of including serology in future investigations.",

author = "Arwady, {M. Allison} and Basem Alraddadi and Colin Basler and Azhar, {Esam I.} and Eltayb Abuelzein and Sindy, {Abdulfattah I.} and {Bin Sadiq}, {Bakr M.} and Althaqafi, {Abdulhakeem O.} and Omaima Shabouni and Ayman Banjar and Haynes, {Lia M.} and Gerber, {Susan I.} and Feikin, {Daniel R.} and Madani, {Tariq A.}",

year = "2016",

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doi = "10.3201/eid2208.152015",

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AU - Sindy, Abdulfattah I.

AU - Bin Sadiq, Bakr M.

AU - Althaqafi, Abdulhakeem O.

AU - Shabouni, Omaima

AU - Banjar, Ayman

AU - Haynes, Lia M.

AU - Gerber, Susan I.

AU - Feikin, Daniel R.

AU - Madani, Tariq A.

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N2 - Risk factors for human-to-human transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are largely unknown. After MERS-CoV infections occurred in an extended family in Saudi Arabia in 2014, relatives were tested by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) and serologic methods. Among 79 relatives, 19 (24%) were MERS-CoV positive; 11 were hospitalized, and 2 died. Eleven (58%) tested positive by rRT-PCR; 8 (42%) tested negative by rRT-PCR but positive by serology. Compared with MERS-CoV-negative adult relatives, MERS-CoV-positive adult relatives were older and more likely to be male and to have chronic medical conditions. Risk factors for household transmission included sleeping in an index patient’s room and touching respiratory secretions from an index patient. Casual contact and simple proximity were not associated with transmission. Serology was more sensitive than standard rRT-PCR for identifying infected relatives, highlighting the value of including serology in future investigations.

AB - Risk factors for human-to-human transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are largely unknown. After MERS-CoV infections occurred in an extended family in Saudi Arabia in 2014, relatives were tested by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) and serologic methods. Among 79 relatives, 19 (24%) were MERS-CoV positive; 11 were hospitalized, and 2 died. Eleven (58%) tested positive by rRT-PCR; 8 (42%) tested negative by rRT-PCR but positive by serology. Compared with MERS-CoV-negative adult relatives, MERS-CoV-positive adult relatives were older and more likely to be male and to have chronic medical conditions. Risk factors for household transmission included sleeping in an index patient’s room and touching respiratory secretions from an index patient. Casual contact and simple proximity were not associated with transmission. Serology was more sensitive than standard rRT-PCR for identifying infected relatives, highlighting the value of including serology in future investigations.

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Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission in extended family, Saudi Arabia, 2014

Abstract

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