Method for multimodal analysis of independent source differences in schizophrenia: Combining gray matter structural and auditory oddball functional data

Vince D. Calhoun, T. Adali, N. R. Giuliani, J. J. Pekar, K. A. Kiehl, G. D. Pearlson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

176 Scopus citations

Abstract

The acquisition of both structural MRI (sMRI) and functional MRI (fMRI) data for a given study is a very common practice. However, these data are typically examined in separate analyses, rather than in a combined model. We propose a novel methodology to perform independent component analysis across image modalities, specifically, gray matter images and fMRI activation images as well as a joint histogram visualization technique. Joint independent component analysis (jICA) is used to decompose a matrix with a given row consisting of an fMRI activation image resulting from auditory oddball target stimuli and an sMRI gray matter segmentation image, collected from the same individual. We analyzed data collected on a group of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls using the jICA approach. Spatially independent joint-components are estimated and resulting components were further analyzed only if they showed a significant difference between patients and controls. The main finding was that group differences in bilateral parietal and frontal as well as posterior temporal regions in gray matter were associated with bilateral temporal regions activated by the auditory oddball target stimuli. A finding of less patient gray matter and less hemodynamic activity for target detection in these bilateral anterior temporal lobe regions was consistent with previous work. An unexpected corollary to this finding was that, in the regions showing the largest group differences, gray matter concentrations were larger in patients vs. controls, suggesting that more gray matter may be related to less functional connectivity in the auditory oddball fMRI task.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)47-62
Number of pages16
JournalHuman Brain Mapping
Volume27
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2006

Keywords

  • Auditory oddball
  • Brain
  • Data fusion
  • Functional
  • Gray matter
  • ICA
  • Independent component analysis
  • Schizophrenia
  • Structural
  • fMRI

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Anatomy
  • Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neurology

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