TY - JOUR
T1 - Mental distress in the United States at the beginning of the covid-19 pandemic
AU - Holingue, Calliope
AU - Kalb, Luther
AU - Riehm, Kira E.
AU - Bennett, Daniel
AU - Kapteyn, Arie
AU - Veldhuis, Cindy B.
AU - Johnson, Renee M.
AU - Daniele Fallin, M.
AU - Kreuter, Frauke
AU - Stuart, Elizabeth A.
AU - Thrul, Johannes
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Public Health Association Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental distress in US adults. Methods. Participants were 5065 adults from the Understanding America Study, a probability-based Internet panel representative of the US adult population. The main exposure was survey completion date (March 10-16, 2020). The outcome was mental distress measured via the 4-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results. Among states with 50 or more COVID-19 cases as of March 10, each additional day was significantly associated with an 11% increase in the odds of moving up a category of distress (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.21; P =.02). Perceptions about the likelihood of getting infected, death from the virus, and steps taken to avoid infecting others were associated with increased mental distress in the model that included all states. Individuals with higher consumption of alcohol or cannabis or with history of depressive symptoms were at significantly higher risk for mental distress. Conclusions. These data suggest that as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, mental distress may continue to increase and should be regularly monitored. Specific populations are at high risk for mental distress, particularly those with preexisting depressive symptoms.
AB - Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental distress in US adults. Methods. Participants were 5065 adults from the Understanding America Study, a probability-based Internet panel representative of the US adult population. The main exposure was survey completion date (March 10-16, 2020). The outcome was mental distress measured via the 4-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results. Among states with 50 or more COVID-19 cases as of March 10, each additional day was significantly associated with an 11% increase in the odds of moving up a category of distress (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.21; P =.02). Perceptions about the likelihood of getting infected, death from the virus, and steps taken to avoid infecting others were associated with increased mental distress in the model that included all states. Individuals with higher consumption of alcohol or cannabis or with history of depressive symptoms were at significantly higher risk for mental distress. Conclusions. These data suggest that as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, mental distress may continue to increase and should be regularly monitored. Specific populations are at high risk for mental distress, particularly those with preexisting depressive symptoms.
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U2 - 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305857
DO - 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305857
M3 - Article
C2 - 32941066
AN - SCOPUS:85089193250
SN - 0090-0036
VL - 110
SP - 1628
EP - 1634
JO - American journal of public health
JF - American journal of public health
IS - 11
ER -