TY - JOUR
T1 - Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
T2 - An Update on Imaging
AU - Kushchayev, Sergiy V.
AU - Kushchayeva, Yevgeniya S.
AU - Tella, Sri Harsha
AU - Glushko, Tetiana
AU - Pacak, Karel
AU - Teytelboym, Oleg M.
N1 - Funding Information:
T his study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (grant number Z1AHD008735, awarded to Karel Pacak). We would like to express our gratitude to Irina Nefedova, a Ukrainian artist, for her help in preparing the illustrations.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Sergiy V. Kushchayev et al.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), arising from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid, accounts for 1-2% of thyroid cancers. MTC is frequently aggressive and metastasizes to cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and bones. Although a number of new imaging modalities for directing the management of oncologic patients evolved over the last two decades, the clinical application of these novel techniques is limited in MTC. In this article, we review the biology and molecular aspects of MTC as an important background for the use of current imaging modalities and approaches for this tumor. We discuss the modern and currently available imaging techniques - advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based techniques such as whole-body MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) technique, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-FDOPA and 18F-FDG, and integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) hybrid imaging - for primary as well as metastatic MTC tumor, including its metastatic spread to lymph nodes and the most common sites of distant metastases: lungs, liver, and bones.
AB - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), arising from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid, accounts for 1-2% of thyroid cancers. MTC is frequently aggressive and metastasizes to cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and bones. Although a number of new imaging modalities for directing the management of oncologic patients evolved over the last two decades, the clinical application of these novel techniques is limited in MTC. In this article, we review the biology and molecular aspects of MTC as an important background for the use of current imaging modalities and approaches for this tumor. We discuss the modern and currently available imaging techniques - advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based techniques such as whole-body MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) technique, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-FDOPA and 18F-FDG, and integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) hybrid imaging - for primary as well as metastatic MTC tumor, including its metastatic spread to lymph nodes and the most common sites of distant metastases: lungs, liver, and bones.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069792768&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85069792768&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1155/2019/1893047
DO - 10.1155/2019/1893047
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85069792768
SN - 2090-8067
VL - 2019
JO - Journal of Thyroid Research
JF - Journal of Thyroid Research
M1 - 1893047
ER -