Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent patellar instability

Although isolated incidents of patellar instability can usually be managed nonoperatively, repeated episodes usually require surgical stabilization. A large number (>150) of different procedures have been described to stabilize the patella; in recent years, medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction has emerged as an excellent treatment option. The MPFL functions as the primary static stabilizer of the patellofemoral joint and typically ruptures when the patella dislocates. Most of the time, it heals in an elongated form, and even with proper rehabilitation, recurrent dislocations may occur. A number of surgical techniques have been described to repair or reconstruct the MPFL. We describe MPFL reconstruction using a hamstring autograft, provide technical pearls, outline potential complications, and discuss how to avoid those complications.