TY - JOUR
T1 - Meat and dairy consumption and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in a US cohort study
AU - Rohrmann, Sabine
AU - Platz, Elizabeth A.
AU - Kavanaugh, Claudine J.
AU - Thuita, Lucy
AU - Hoffman, Sandra C.
AU - Helzlsouer, Kathy J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments We thank Judy Hoffman-Bolton and Alyce Burke at the George W. Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention in Hagerstown, MD, for their continuing efforts in the ongoing CLUE II study. Supported by National Cancer Institute Grant CA08030, National Institute of Aging Grant AG18033, and Department of Defense Grant DAMD17-94-J-4265. Dr. Rohrmann was supported by the Fund for Research and Progress in Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. These data were supplied in part by the Maryland Cancer Registry of the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore, MD, which specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions of this study.
PY - 2007/2
Y1 - 2007/2
N2 - Objective: To evaluate the association of meat and dairy food consumption with subsequent risk of prostate cancer. Methods: In 1989, 3,892 men 35+ years old, who participated in the CLUE II study of Washington County, MD, completed an abbreviated Block food frequency questionnaire. Intake of meat and dairy foods was calculated using consumption frequency and portion size. Incident prostate cancer cases (n = 199) were ascertained through October 2004. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of total and advanced (SEER stages three and four; n = 54) prostate cancer and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, BMI at age 21, and intake of energy, saturated fat, and tomato products. Results: Intakes of total meat (HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.60-1.33, comparing highest to lowest tertile) and red meat (HR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.59-1.32) were not statistically significantly associated with prostate cancer. However, processed meat consumption was associated with a non-statistically significant higher risk of total (5+ vs. ≤1 servings/week: HR = 1.53, 95% CI 0.98-2.39) and advanced (HR = 2.24; 95% CI 0.90-5.59) prostate cancer. There was no association across tertiles of dairy or calcium with total prostate cancer, although compared to ≤1 serving/week consumption of 5+ servings/week of dairy foods was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.02-2.66). Conclusion: Overall, consumption of processed meat, but not total meat or red meat, was associated with a possible increased risk of total prostate cancer in this prospective study. Higher intake of dairy foods but not calcium was positively associated with prostate cancer. Further investigation into the mechanisms by which processed meat and dairy consumption might increase the risk of prostate cancer is suggested.
AB - Objective: To evaluate the association of meat and dairy food consumption with subsequent risk of prostate cancer. Methods: In 1989, 3,892 men 35+ years old, who participated in the CLUE II study of Washington County, MD, completed an abbreviated Block food frequency questionnaire. Intake of meat and dairy foods was calculated using consumption frequency and portion size. Incident prostate cancer cases (n = 199) were ascertained through October 2004. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of total and advanced (SEER stages three and four; n = 54) prostate cancer and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, BMI at age 21, and intake of energy, saturated fat, and tomato products. Results: Intakes of total meat (HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.60-1.33, comparing highest to lowest tertile) and red meat (HR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.59-1.32) were not statistically significantly associated with prostate cancer. However, processed meat consumption was associated with a non-statistically significant higher risk of total (5+ vs. ≤1 servings/week: HR = 1.53, 95% CI 0.98-2.39) and advanced (HR = 2.24; 95% CI 0.90-5.59) prostate cancer. There was no association across tertiles of dairy or calcium with total prostate cancer, although compared to ≤1 serving/week consumption of 5+ servings/week of dairy foods was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.02-2.66). Conclusion: Overall, consumption of processed meat, but not total meat or red meat, was associated with a possible increased risk of total prostate cancer in this prospective study. Higher intake of dairy foods but not calcium was positively associated with prostate cancer. Further investigation into the mechanisms by which processed meat and dairy consumption might increase the risk of prostate cancer is suggested.
KW - Cohort study
KW - Dairy
KW - Meat
KW - Prostate cancer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33845879880&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33845879880&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10552-006-0082-y
DO - 10.1007/s10552-006-0082-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 17315319
AN - SCOPUS:33845879880
VL - 18
SP - 41
EP - 50
JO - Cancer Causes and Control
JF - Cancer Causes and Control
SN - 0957-5243
IS - 1
ER -